objective: this is a parallel, three group, randomized, controlled clinical trial, with outcomes evaluated up to three months after randomization for children and adolescents with chronic nail biting. the current study investigates the efficacy of habit reversal training (hrt) and compares its effect with object manipulation training (omt) considering the limitations of the current literature ....

The vast Amazonian biome still poses challenges for botanists seeking to know and recognize its plant diversity. Brazilian northern cities are expanding fast, without considering the regional biodiversity, urban plantings of almost exclusively exotic species taking place. It is paramount that correct identity such trees ascertained before procurement seeds young plants, as use popular names may...

OBJECTIVES The study used a randomized controlled trial to investigate the short-term and long-term effects of life-review as online-guided self-help in adults (40+) with moderate depressive symptomatology. We evaluated ego-integrity and rumination as mediators and assessed whether the effects of the intervention did not differ across middle-aged and older adults. METHOD Effects of life-revie...

Species composition, frequency distribution of diameter classes, species diversity, and stem vitality of woody plants were analyzed in a Mongolian oak (Quercus mongolica Fisch. ex Ledeb.) forests in permanent quadrates of Mt. Nam and Mt. Jeombong, which were installed for Long Term Ecological Research (LTER). The principal objective of this study was to clarify the ecological characteristics of...

راش، گونه­های علفی، حاصل خیزی خاک، آنالیزهای چندمتغیره. this study was carried out in carpino-fagetum orientalis, rusco-fagetum orientalis,fagetum oriental and alno-fagetum orientalisforest communities of namkhaneh, gorazbon and chelir districts of kheiroudkenar forest. the aim of the research was investigation on relationship between understory vegetation and soil condition and to determine th...

Abstract Among the protected sites of Eastern Carpathians, Synevyr National Nature Park (NNP) in Zakarpattia region Ukraine is one most valuable and was created to preserve its unique mountain beech spruce forest communities. The importance conservation typical natural virgin ecosystems Central European systemis emphasized. aim this article determine state naturalness forests territory NNP, ana...

The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of protection on herbaceous species composition, total plant cover, dry matter, plant density, floristic richness and diversity. Characteristics of vegetation under continued grazing and protected area for 10 and 65 years were examined in a degraded arid environment in South Tunisia. Our results show that protection enhances significantly ...

Rare species can play important functional roles, but human-induced changes to disturbance regimes, such as fire, can inadvertently affect these species. We examined the influence of prescribed burns on the recruitment and diversity of plant species within a temperate forest in southeastern Australia, with a focus on species that were rare prior to burning. Floristic composition was compared am...