An efficient synthesis of aryl carbamates was achieved by introducing alcohols into the reaction of palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of ArX (X = Cl, OTf) with sodium cyanate. The use of aryl triflates as electrophilic components in this transformation allowed for an expanded substrate scope for direct synthesis of aryl isocyanates. This methodology provides direct access to major carbamate pr...

1. Abstract Phase separation in segmented polyurethanes is an important phenomenon, which affects on characteristic properties of polyurethanes. Morphology, formation and distribution of micro-domains (hard segments and soft segments) are effective parameters on interfacial interaction and adhesion of polyurethane system. In this work segmented polyurethanes based on 4,4 -diphenylmethane diisoc...

William Meggs's recent article, "Neuro-genic Inflammation and Sensitivity to Environmental chemicals" (EHP 101:234-238), provides a useful introduction to a rapidly growing area of knowledge in physiology and posits a number of interesting hypotheses regarding the health effects of airborne chemicals. Some specific technical points, however, merit comment. Meggs describes the common chemical se...

OBJECTIVES Design, construct, and characterize an apparatus to evaluate dermal protective clothing for resistance to polymerizing materials. Specifically, we evaluated the permeation of the most common glove material used in automotive collision repair (0.10-0.13 mm or 4-5 mil latex) with representative isocyanate-containing clear coats. Our ultimate goal is to make informed recommendations on ...

The first tier of the test battery is an olfactory screening test consisting of a 12-odor identification test. This test discriminates anosmia from hyposmia and normosmia. As a second tier, the Threshold–Discrimination–Identification Test offers a more extensive analysis of olfactory deficits (TDI score, Sniffin’ Sticks). A growing pool of normative data (Kobal et al., 2000) is now available an...

The Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment (OEHHA) is required to develop guidelines for conducting health risk assessments under the Air Toxics Hot Spots Program (Health and Safety Code Section 44360 (b) (2)). OEHHA developed a Technical Support Document (TSD) in response to this statutory requirement that describes acute, 8 hour and chronic RELs and was adopted in December 2008. The...