BACKGROUND Despite advances in nutritional support and intensive care, preterm infants are at higher risk of compromised neurodevelopment. OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the contribution of total parenteral nutrition (PN) to compromised neurodevelopment after preterm birth. METHODS Preterm pigs were provided PN or enteral nutrition (EN) for 10 d. Neurodevelopment was assessed by observation...

Abstract The effects of pure oxygen aeration on compositional characteristics soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) the activated sludge acclimated in a sequential batch reactor (SBR) were explored mode. structure would change with different methods or rates. proportion SMP most aerated was less than 10%, while that air as high 30–40%. TB-EPS decreased fr...

There is at present no viable theory whereby a single star with MMS < 2.3 ± 0.3 M can sustain a PN-forming superwind with Ṁ > 3×10−5 M yr−1 at the tip of the AGB that can eject the last ∼0.3 M of envelope mass. We propose that a binary companion can not only result in non-spherical PN, but more importantly provide the AGB mass loss rate enhancement that is required to create a visible PN. We pr...

The centrifuge force microscope (CFM) was recently introduced as a platform for massively parallel single-molecule manipulation and analysis. Here we developed a low-cost and self-contained CFM module that works directly within a commercial centrifuge, greatly improving accessibility and ease of use. Our instrument incorporates research grade video microscopy, a power source, a computer, and wi...

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder presenting before 3 years of age with deficits in communication and social skills and repetitive behaviors. In addition to genetic influences, recent studies suggest that prenatal drug or chemical exposures are risk factors for autism. Terbutaline, a beta2-adrenoceptor agonist used to arrest preterm labor, has been associated with increased concordance fo...

A variety of Pd(II) complexes containing the neutral N,P,N-ligand bis(2-picolyl)phenylphosphine (N(py)PN(py)) have been synthesised and characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The neutral complex [PdCl(2)(N(py)PN(py)-N,P)] (1) has been selectively obtained in high yield by reaction of [PdCl(2)(NCPh)(2)] with the ligand in dichloromethane. The cationic complexes [PdCl(N(p...

BACKGROUND Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is common among patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings. We report the incidence of and risk factors for PN among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected Kenyan adults initiating ART. METHODS An inception cohort was formed of adults initiating ART. They were screened for PN at baseline and every 3 months for 1 year...

We have studied the cardiorespiratory changes produced by abdominal wall elevation (AWE) or carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum (PN) in 20 women undergoing gynaecological laparoscopy. Arterial pressure, heart rate, lung/chest complicance and blood-gas tensions were measured 10 min after induction of general anaesthesia (T0), 10 min after abdominal distension in the supine position (T1) and 10 min a...

In the present study, we directly demonstrated electrical coupling between Bergmann glial cells (BG) and Purkinje neurones (PN) in acutely isolated cerebellar slices, prepared from 15 to 30 days old Sprague-Dawley rats. Electrical coupling between these two cells was identified by dual whole-cell voltage clamp, which allowed direct recording of junctional current. Whole-cell recordings from PN-...

In patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis parenteral nutrition (PN) is indicated when enteral nutrition is not possible or should be avoided for medical reasons. In Crohn's patients PN is indicated when there are signs/symptoms of ileus or subileus in the small intestine, scars or intestinal fistulae. PN requires no specific compounding for chronic inflammatory bowel diseases. In ...