PURPOSE To develop a deliverable four-dimensional (4D) intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) planning method for dynamic multileaf collimator (MLC) tumor tracking delivery. METHODS AND MATERIALS The deliverable 4D IMRT planning method involves aligning MLC leaf motion parallel to the major axis of target motion and translating MLC leaf positions by the difference in the target centroid...

a significant portion of patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). An 88-year-old man presented with a 2 day history of episodic dyspnoea, wheeze and non-productive cough, on a background of COPD. Despite treatment with oral steroids and short-acting bronchodilators the patient remained symptomatic. A 320-slice, dynamic CT scan of the patient’s upper airway revealed ...

CONTEXT Accessory mental foramen is a rare anatomical variation. Even so, in order to avoid neurovascular complications, particular attention should be paid to the possible occurrence of one or more accessory mental foramen during surgical procedures involving the mandible. CASE REPORT A 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) scan of a female patient revealed an accessory mental foramen on...

RATIONALE The radiotherapy (RT) responses of gastroenteropancreatic (GEP)-origin neuroendocrine tumors remain unclear. We report cases of favorable response after localized RT of GEP-origin neuroendocrine carcinomas (GEP-NECs). PATIENT CONCERNS 1. An 82-year-old male presented with a lower esophageal mass. Positron emission tomography computed tomography (PET-CT) scan showed a lower esophagea...

There are considerable rates of pediatrics trauma referring emergency department following a traumatic event. The worried parents are requesting for the most sensitive diagnostic test, so emergency physicians ask them to underwent brain computed tomography (CT) scan. Lower threshold of decision making regarding use of brain CT scan results in huge number of normal imaging. On the other hand, ra...

post stroke dementia is one of the most common complications of stroke that is preventable and relatively treatable too. the purpose of the study is comparison between the positive findings in brain ct scan and brain perfusion spect. 15 patients who were complicated by dementia after cerebrovascular accident and also 5 patients as a control group enrolled in this study. brain ct scan and brain ...

Introduction: The selection of   optimal treatment of obstructive nephrouropathy requires information about the functional status of each kidney. Nuclear renal scanning objectively measure differential renal function, multiple studies have demonstrated the role of assessment of renal perfusion and GFR with triphasic CT. The aim of this study is to assess the role of CT based on renal parenchyma...