Oxygen withdrawal blocks mitochondrial respiration. In rat hippocampal slices, this triggers a massive depolarization of CA1 neurons and a negative shift of the extracellular DC potential, the characteristic sign of hypoxia-induced spreading depression (HSD). To unveil the contribution of mitochondria to the sensing of hypoxia and the ignition of HSD, we modified mitochondrial function. Mitocho...

Hepatic sinusoidal dilatation (HSD) is pathological entity that is characterized by peliosis hepatis (PH) like lesions, with vascular lesions that consist of multiple cyst-like, blood-filled cavities within the liver. To the best of our knowledge, neither PH nor HSD have been associated with systemic vasculitis. We describe herein two cases of idiopathic HSD associated with Takayasu arteritis (...

High-sodium intake is a risk factor for the pathogenesis of hypertension, especially in obesity. The present study is designed to investigate whether angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) activation with selective agonist C21 prevents high-sodium diet (HSD)-induced hypertension in obese animals. Male obese rats were treated with AT2R agonist C21 (1 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1), oral) while maintained on eith...

Autologous bone marrow-derived mononuclear cell (BM-MNC) transplantation is a potential therapy for inducing revascularization in ischemic tissues providing the underlying disease process had not negatively affected BM-MNC function. Previously, we have shown that skeletal muscle angiogenesis induced by electrical stimulation is impaired by a high-salt diet (HSD; 4% NaCl) in Sprague-Dawley (SD) ...

RATIONALE Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) protects the heart during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), yet the underlying mechanisms of cardioprotection afforded by beta isoform-specific inhibition GSK-3 remain to be elucidated. OBJECTIVE We studied the molecular mechanism mediating the effect of GSK-3β activation/inhibition upon myocardial injury during prolonged ischemia and I/R. ...

PURPOSE Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is a serine/threonine kinase involved in cancer development. Herein, we demonstrated the role of GSK-3β in endometrial cancer (EC) and identified new therapeutic targets. RESULTS GSK-3β was overexpressed in EC tissues, and was positively correlated with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging, dedifferentiation, and myo...

We examined the expression and activity of two enzymes from the aldoketoreductase (AKR) family 1C, namely type 5 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17beta-HSD-5, AKR1C3) and type 3 3alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3alpha-HSD-3, AKR1C2) in female sc and omental adipose tissue and in preadipocyte primary cultures. 17beta-HSD-5 preferentially synthesizes testosterone from the inactive adrena...

-Melanocyte–stimulating hormone ( -MSH) is a natriuretic peptide derived from proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the pituitary neurointermediate lobe (NIL); its plasma concentration in rats doubles after ingestion of a high (HSD; 8% NaCl) compared with a low sodium diet (LSD; 0.07%). Because NIL function is regulated through dopaminergic pathways, we asked whether dopaminergic stimulation with bromo...

Rett syndrome (RTT) patients suffer from respiratory arrhythmias with frequent apneas causing intermittent hypoxia. In a RTT mouse model (methyl-CpG-binding protein 2-deficient mice; Mecp2(-/y)) we recently discovered an enhanced hippocampal susceptibility to hypoxia and hypoxia-induced spreading depression (HSD). In the present study we investigated whether this also applies to infant Mecp2(-/...