In this paper we present the generic modelling system SITE (SImulation of Terrestrial Environments), a software package to develop and apply models simulating regional land-use dynamics. The modelling system includes (i) a framework managing the model generics and (ii) code templates for the development of rule-based land-use and land-cover change (LUCC) models. SITE comprises built-in methods ...

This study examines how land-use errors from the Land Transformation Model (LTM) propagate through to climate as simulated by the Regional Atmospheric Model System (RAMS). The authors conducted five simulations of regional climate over East Africa: one using observed land cover/land use (LULC) and four utilizing LTM-derived LULC. The study examined how quantifiable errors generated by the LTM i...

Inspired by the biological perspective of service ecosystems, we propose to define the fitness of services in service networks. In our work, we show how to calculate the service fitness from the provider perspective using locally available information as a reflection of the position of the service in the service network. For that purpose we define a fitness corridor with upper and lower bounds ...

This paper addresses the design problem of a rail transit line located in a linear urban transportation corridor. The service variables designed are a combination of rail line length, number and locations of stations, headway and fare. Two profit maximization models, which account for the effects of different transit pricing structures (flat and distance-based fare regimes), are proposed. In th...

predicting the hydraulic behavior of the river and flood zone determination to reduce probable damages, are among measures which in recent years has been the attention of many researchers. mazandaran province, especially the city of neka, each year is affected by the floods with different return periods; therefore, land use changes and the role of these changes were evaluated in flood zones. in...

Abstract. The important Qinghai–Tibet Engineering Corridor (QTEC) covers the part of Highway and Railway underlain by permafrost. permafrost on QTEC is sensitive to climate warming human disturbance suffers accelerating degradation. Retrogressive thaw slumps (RTSs) are slope failures due thawing ice-rich They typically retreat expand at high rates, damaging infrastructure, releasing carbon pres...

BACKGROUND A 2-year review of literature from October 2004 to December 2006 was completed to update current scientific evidence on diagnostic utility of facet joint injections. Diagnostic injections are employed to diagnose facet joint pain because available techniques cannot identify the pain generating structure in patients with chronic spinal pain. There is no physical examination technique,...