This paper examines the e↵ects of liquidity on the demand for imports of non-durable consumers’ goods in Trinidad and Tobago. A parsimonious vector equilibrium correction model (VEqCM) is used to test the hypotheses that liquidity has both longand short-run e↵ects. The multivariate cointegration approach of Johansen and Juselius (1990) is used to determine long-run relations and general to spec...

Submitted: Jul 2, 2013; Accepted: Aug 14, 2013; Published: Aug 29, 2013 Abstract: The main focus of the study is to find the determinants of money demand in Pakistan. We used disaggregated expenditures approach in this regard. To find the co-integration among the variables of the model, Johansen co-integration approach is utilized. The results of the study show that the co-integration exists am...

The paper aims at vertical price transmission of the agri-food market in Czech Republic. It is focused on analysis pork meat by investigating short-run and long-run relationships within product speed establishing equilibrium relationship. For this purpose, there employed specially VECM (Vector Error Correction Model), impulse-response analysis, decomposition variance VECM, which show system’s r...

background : because of the rapid aging rate, the share of health expenditure in gross domestic product rises irreversibly and increases concern among politicians and the general public. the aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of the baumol’s model of unbalanced growth in iran over the period 1981-2010. methods : this theoretical-analytical study was conducted in 2012 to investigate t...

the impact of price changes (at a level of market) on the other market levels (transfer of prices) will affect welfare of producers, marketing agents as well as consumers. in this study, asymmetric tea market is investigated through an application of johansen co-integration analysis and error correction model (ecm model) to time series of 1976-2009. co integration method used in the import mark...

The aim of this analysis is to derive stable long-run relationships that innuence the conduct and transmission process of the German monetary policy. In this context, a special emphasis is on the question whether there is a stable long-run money demand in Germany as a precondition for monetary targeting. A multivariate analysis using seasonally unadjusted data is presented. The sample period an...