In late December 2015, widespread media interest revolved around forecasts that the surface air temperature at the North Pole would rise above freezing. Although there has been significant interest in the enhanced warming that is occurring at high northern latitudes, a process known as arctic amplification, remarkably little is known about these midwinter warming events at the pole including th...

Dayside UV emissions in Saturn’s polar ionosphere have been suggested to be the first observational evidence of the kronian “cusp” (Gérard et al., 2004). The emission has two distinct states. The first is a bright arclike feature located in the pre-noon sector, and the second is a more diffuse “spot” of aurora which lies poleward of the general location of the main auroral oval, which may be re...

The shallow-water hydrothermal system in Tutum Bay on the west side of Ambitle Island, Papua New Guinea provides us with an exceptional opportunity to study isotope systematics in a near shore setting. Compared to seawater, the hydrothermal fluids in Tutum Bay have lower values for dD, dO, dC, and Sr and higher values for H, d34S(SO4) and d 18O(SO4). The dO and dD records for vents 1 and 4 indi...