Underlying orthodox evidence theory is a number of epistemological assumptions about the ability of reason to deliver true descriptions which accurately describe and correspond to the ‘real’ world. Drawing extensively on both traditional philosophical and contemporary, particularly postmodernist, scepticism this article provides a detailed critique of realist epistemological assumptions about r...

The relation between teaching and research is partly embodied in simple general concepts which can guide the elaboration of examples in both. Notions and constructions, such as the spectral analysis of dynamical systems, have important aspects that can be understood and pursued without the complication of limiting the models to specific classical categories. Pursuing that idea leads to a dynami...

BACKGROUND Psychiatric research in the 1950s and 1960s showed potential for psychedelic medications to markedly alleviate depression and suffering associated with terminal illness. More recent published studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of psilocybin, MDMA, and ketamine when administered in a medically supervised and monitored approach. A single or brief series of sessions often...

T he peer-review system for validating and judging the quality of scientific discoveries has come under attack during the past years. Daniel Fisher and Nikolaos Parisis reckoned that “publishing has become the most discouraging and frustrating part of research” [1] because the amount of data needed to write a publishable paper has drastically increased “during the past decades” owing to increas...

I discuss a special class of singularities obtained as a natural 4-dimensional generalization of the conical singularity. Such singularities (called quasiregular) are ruinous for the predictive force of general relativity, so one often assumes (implicitly as a rule) that they can be somehow excluded from the theory. In fact, however, attempts to do so (without forbidding the singularities by fi...

OBJECTIVE To identify the occupational risks for Australian paramedics, by describing the rate of injuries and fatalities and comparing those rates with other reports. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS Retrospective descriptive study using data provided by Safe Work Australia for the period 2000-2010. The subjects were paramedics who had been injured in the course of their duties and for whom a claim h...

Poole’s (2000, Non-parametric unfolding of binary choice data. Political Analysis 8:211–37) nonparametric Optimal Classification procedure for binary data produces misleading rank orderings when applied to the modern House of Commons. With simulations and qualitative evidence, we show that the problem arises from the government-versus-opposition nature of British (Westminster) parliamentary pol...

The details of the future will remain forever veiled to us. But give a gypsy seer a Ph.D. in economics and arm her with statistics and mathematical models, and people suddenly start taking her seriously. She will be invited to testify before Congress and held up by State TV as an expert in business forecasting. But from an analytical point of view, what she does is no different from what she di...

In this commentary, we react to the recent study by Helsen, Gilis and Weston (2006) on judging offside in football. Helsen et al. claim that their data falsify the optical error hypothesis presented by Oudejans et al. (2000). However, as we will elucidate here, they misinterpret this hypothesis and present a data set that is seriously flawed, and hence not suited to test it. Therefore, their co...

oroginal article tiller is a handy multi – a purpose tractor is used in agriculture. the noise emitted from tiller may be seriously affected auditory system users. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the exposure to noise in operators of this device. in this study 36cultivator tiller was examined. measurement of sound is based in iso 5131-1996 and iso 7216 standard and was conducted in in...