Each of n teams numbered 1, 2, · · · , n play each of the other n − 1 teams exactly t times. Thus, each team plays t (n− 1) games, and the total number of games is tc2 = tn(n−1) 2 . Each game {a, b} produces a win for one team and a loss for the other team. Define ai, i = 1, 2, · · · , n, to be the win records for the n teams. That is, for each i = 1, 2, · · · , n, team i wins a total of ai gam...

Two previous studies describing the effects of autoinducer 2 (AI-2) on biofilm formation and chemotaxis in Escherichia coli were inadvertently omitted from the reference list of this Article. A reference to these studies along with ref. 27 should have been provided in the Introduction, as follows: ‘It has been previously reported that, in E. coli, AI-2 can modulate biofilm formation (González-B...

Edwardsiella tarda is a bacterial pathogen that can infect both humans and animals. TX1, an Ed. tarda strain isolated from diseased fish, was found to produce autoinducer 2 (AI-2)-like activity that was growth phase dependent and modulated by growth conditions. The gene coding for the AI-2 synthase was cloned from TX1 and designated luxS(Et)(.) LuxS(Et) was able to complement the AI-2 mutant ph...

Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) remains a poorly understood group of hereditary enamel defects characterized by a wide array of clinical presentations. Although numerous reports have described the histological features of AI, knowledge concerning the biochemical composition of the affected enamel remains minimal. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the protein of smooth hypoplastic AI...

The luxS gene, present in many bacterial genera, encodes the autoinducer 2 (AI-2) synthase. AI-2 has been implicated in bacterial signaling, and this study investigated its role in biofilm formation by Streptococcus gordonii, an organism that colonizes human tooth enamel within the first few hours after professional cleaning. Northern blotting and primer extension analyses revealed that S. gord...

Autoinducer 2 (AI-2) quorum sensing was shown before to regulate the virulence of Vibrio harveyi towards the brine shrimp Artemia franciscana. In this study, several different pathogenic V. harveyi, Vibrio campbellii, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates were shown to produce AI-2. Furthermore, disruption of AI-2 quorum sensing by a natural and a synthetic brominated furanone protected gnotobio...

Title of Document: S Y S T E M A T I C I N V E S T I G A T I O N O F QUORUM SENSING IN Escherichia coli JUN LI, Doctor of Philosophy, 2007 Directed By: Professor, William E Bentley, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering High throughput techniques and advanced mathematical tools have enabled systematic investigations of biological systems with unparalleled precision. Not only molecular interacti...

Bacteria use autoinducer molecules to communicate both at intra-species and inter-species levels by quorum sensing. One such cell density-dependent signaling system is the luxS-mediated universal quorum sensing using autoinducer-2 (AI-2). Virulence of several pathogens is determined by an AI-2 system and is related to colonization and infection of the host. From this concept, numerous papers ha...

Quorum sensing (QS) is an important determinant of bacterial phenotype. Many cell functions are regulated by intricate and multimodal QS signal transduction processes. The LuxS/AI-2 QS system is highly conserved among Eubacteria and AI-2 is reported as a 'universal' signal molecule. To understand the hierarchical organization of AI-2 circuitry, a comprehensive approach incorporating stochastic ...