Outbreaks from choirs showed that singing brings potential risk of COVID-19 infection. There is less known about the risks airborne infection other musical performance, such as playing wind instruments or performing theatre. In addition, it important to understand methods reduce risk. this study, we used a variety methods, including flow visualization, aerosol and CO2 measurements, computationa...

In many wind instruments, a non-linear element (the reed or the player's lips) is loaded by a downstream duct – the bore of the instrument – and an upstream one – the player's vocal tract. Both behave nearly linearly. In a simple model due to Arthur Benade, the bore and tract are in series and this combination is in parallel with the impedance associated with vibration of the reed or player's l...