This essay opens up the question of what difference the history of science makes. What is the value of the history of science, beyond its role as an academic pursuit that we historians of science know and love? It introduces the set of essays that follow as explorations that grew out of a seminar on this topic and that arise from the authors' particular concerns both that historians of science ...

Uncontrolled variables often limit meaningful assessment of visual sensitivity. Previously, we developed a procedure and apparatus for in vivo assessment of light absorption by the human lens. In the current study, we modified a widely used automated perimeter to include our procedure for obtaining an index of lens density. Nineteen individuals were tested on both the original apparatus and the...

The relative contributions of scapulothoracic and glenohumeral motion at different rates of shoulder motion were studied through adduction to abduction in the scapular plane. Nineteen shoulders of 10 healthy individuals (all men, 24-30 years of age) were analyzed using an image intensifier and a high-resolution digital video system. High- and low-speed motion consisted of 2 and 4 seconds per on...

OBJECTIVES To provide normative values for cervical range of motion (CROM), isometric cervical and shoulder strength for; International Senior professional, and International Age-grade Rugby Union front-row forwards. DESIGN Cross-sectional population study. SETTING All international level front-row players within a Rugby Union Tier 1 Nation. PARTICIPANTS Nineteen Senior and 21 Age-grade f...

This study investigated differences in risk-perception among U.S., Spanish, West German, and Brazilian drivers. Subjects estimated the risk involved in slide-projected traffic scenes. The scenes, photographed in the United States and Spain, were rated for the amount of risk by using a seven-point scale. The subject groups in each country included younger, middle-aged, and older nonprofessional ...

The crystal structure of a complex between the bimolecular human telomeric quadruplex d(TAGGGTTAGGGT)2 and the experimental anticancer drug BRACO-19, has been determined, to 2.5 A resolution. The binding site for the BRACO-19 molecule is at the interface of two parallel-folded quadruplexes, sandwiched between a G-tetrad surface and a TATA tetrad, and held in the site by networks of water molecu...

Nineteen recent studies have investigated the effect of currency union on trade, resulting in 383 point estimates of the effect. This paper is a quantitative attempt to summarize the current state of debate; meta-analysis is used to combine the disparate estimates. The chief findings are that: a) the hypothesis that there is no effect of currency union on trade can be rejected at standard signi...

DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to the nineteen study participants. This work would not have been possible without their tremendous support and their willingness to share their stories. I commend them for the care they provided and for courageously accepting one of life's most difficult challenges. This dissertation is also dedicated to memory of my maternal grandmother, Anne Barry Sm...