In response to Dan L. Burk & Mark A. Lemley, Fence Posts or Sign Posts? Rethinking Patent Claim Construction, 157 U. PA. L. REV. 1743 (2009); F. Scott Kieff, The Case for Preferring Patent-Validity Litigation Over SecondWindow Review and Gold-Plated Patents: When One Size Doesn’t Fit All, How Could Two Do the Trick?, 157 U. PA. L. REV. 1937 (2009); R. Polk Wagner, Understanding Patent-Quality M...

A rack, which is the algebraic distillation of two of the Reidemeister moves, is a set with a binary operation such that right multiplication is an automorphism. Any codimension two link has a fundamental rack which contains more information than the fundamental group. Racks provide an elegant and complete algebraic framework in which to study links and knots in 3{manifolds, and also for the 3{...

Chemical burns take up a high proportion of burns admissions and can penetrate deep into tissues. Various reagents have been applied in the treatment of skin chemical burns; however, no optimal reagent for skin chemical burns currently exists. The present study investigated the effect of topical body protective compound (BPC)-157 treatment on skin wound healing, using an alkali burn rat model. ...

A rack is a set X equipped with a bijective, self-right-distributive binary operation, and a quandle is a rack which satisfies an idempotency condition. In this paper, we further develop the theory of rack and quandle modules introduced in [8], in particular defining a tensor product ⊗X , the notion of a free X –module, and the rack algebra (or wring) ZX . We then apply this theory to define ho...

[1] R-.C. Chen, D. Spina, W.B. Croft, M. Sanderson, and F. Scholer. Harnessing Semantics for Answer Sentence Retrieval. In Proceedings of ESAIR'15, 2015 [5] D. Metzler and T. Kanungo. Machine Learned Sentence Selection Strategies for QueryBiased Summarization. In Proceedings of SIGIR 2008 Learning to Rank Workshop, 2008 [7] L. Yang, Q. Ai, D. Spina, R.-C. Chen, L. Pang, W.B. Croft, J. Guo, and ...

Haemophilm ducreyi has been described as a fastidious organism requiring blood for growth (Greenblatt, 1953). It has been successfully cultivated on clotted blood (Teague and Diebert, 1920) and on various artificial media enriched with blood, (Sanderson and Greenblatt, 1937; Beeson and Heyman, 1945; Beeson, 1946; Deacon et al., 1956). However, little is known concerning the specific nutritional...