The efficient use of papermaking potential secondary fiber by gentle refining recycled pulp is one the basic principles for recovered paper stock preparation. mild modes more important in case wetstrength than conventional waste paper. This due to fact that weakened hard conditions wet-strength repulping, particular, long repulping time, elevated temperature, alkali and oxidizers. study aims at...

The title reaction was studied by photolyzing mixtures of CI2 and SO2 with and without 02 present in an atmosphere of N2, using Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry to monitor reactants and products. In the absence of oxygen, sulfur dioxide is quantitatively converted to sulfuryl chloride. With 10 to 150 Torr 02 present H2SO4 is produced as well as SO2C12. When a number of speculative r...

Empty fruit bunches (EFB) from palm oil were characterized. The holocellulose (66.97%), α-cellulose (47.91%), and lignin (24.45%) are similar to wood materials, and various non-wood materials, but the fiber length is shorter (0.53 mm). The influence of operational variables in the EFB pulping [formic acid (75-95%), hydrochloric acid (0.05-0.15%), and time (30-150 min)], on the yield, kappa numb...

Nano ZnO/ montmorillonite composite were prepared by sol gel method under ultrasonic irradiation from directly mixing montmorillonite nano clay into Zinc gel. The Zn(CH3COO)2.2H2O and montmorillonite nano clay was used as precursor. The zinc acetate was dissolved in DI water and, NH3 (aq) solution was dropped into the zinc solution until pH 9 consequently the zinc gel was produced. The montmori...

The influence of residual black liquor in pulp on wastewater pollution after the bleaching process was studied. The results show that the CODCr in bleaching effluent has a remarkable linearity with bleaching loss of pulps without residual black liquor. For pulps with some residual black liquor, more than 34% of the overall CODCr is produced by the residual black liquor. It follows that more eff...

The solubilities of analcime and clinoptilolite were determined in dilute, weakly alkaline, aqueous solutions below 300 8C and at vapor-saturated pressures. Analcimes used in this study were from Mont St. Hilaire, Quebec (an1, Si/Al 5 2.02) and Wikieup, Arizona (an2, Si/Al 5 2.55); clinoptilolite samples were from Castle Creek, Idaho (Si/Al 5 4.50). The effects of alkali content (Na,K) on clino...

Corn stalk can be used as an alternative non-wood raw material to produce cellulosic dissolving grade pulp. In this work, the potential of corn stalk in the production of dissolving pulp (alpha-cellulose) was investigated. It was collect ed from a corn stalk farm of Kermanshah, Iran. The sequences of experimental work were: water and acid prehydrolysis at 160˚C for 30min, followed by Kraft pulp...

We have characterized the dissolution state of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) in aqueous tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, TBAH(aq), at different concentrations of TBAH, by means of turbidity and small-angle X-ray scattering. The solubility of cellulose increases with increasing TBAH concentration, which is consistent with solubilization driven by neutralization. When comparing the two polymorphs...

in this study, a temperature-dependent of the dispersion coefficients is calculated from equation state.the lennard-jones lj (12-6-3) effective pair potential function and simple thermodynamic argumentwith the input pvt data of liquid metals are used to calculate the dispersion coefficients. the dispersioncoefficients ( , , ) 3 6 12 c c c are found to be a linear function of 1/t1+α , where t is...