Increased demands for corn grain warrant the evaluation of alternative grain types for ruminant production systems. This study was conducted to determine the effects of hulled and hull-less barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars compared with corn (Zea mays L.) as an alternative grain type on fermentation in cultures of mixed ruminal microorganisms. Three continuous fermentors were fed 14 g of d...

Three-dimensional atom-probe tomography was utilized to study the distribution of M (M = Pt or Pd) after silicidation of a solidsolution Ni0.95M0.05 thin-film on Si(100). Both Pt and Pd segregate at the (Ni1-xMx)Si/Si(100) heterophase interface and may be responsible for the increased resistance of (Ni1-xMx)Si to agglomeration at elevated temperatures. Direct evidence of Pt short-circuit diffus...

The harsh irradiation environment poses serious threat to the structural integrity of leading candidate for plasma-facing materials, tungsten (W), in future nuclear fusion reactors. It is thus essential to understand the radiation-induced segregation of native defects and impurities to defect sinks, such as grain boundaries (GBs), by quantifying the segregation energetics. In this work, molecul...

Isotropic TFT characteristics are realized in the {100}-oriented grain-boundary-free 60 nm thick Si film obtained by continuous-wave laser lateral crystallization, where grain- and sub-boundaries defined as crystallographic boundaries having misfit angles of θ > 15° < 15°, respectively. Sub-boundaries observed parallel to scan directions; were 5–10° sub-boundary density was 0.02956 μm−1. ...

The embedded atom type otentials and static relaxation method combined with the steepest descent computational technfque have been used to simulate the grain boundary atomic structures, grain boundary energies, grain boundary cohesive energies, the distribution of electron density and stress field in the rain boundar re ion, the formation energies of vacancies and other related problems of [IOO...

A photon of wavelength λ ∼ 1μm interacting with a dust grain of radius ap ∼ 1mm – in other words, a “pebble” – undergoes scattering in the forward direction, largely within a small characteristic diffraction angle θs ∼ λ/ap ∼ 100. Though mm-size dust grains contribute negligibly to the interstellar medium’s visual extinction, the signal they produce in scattered light may be detectable for vari...

Poly-Ge grown on SiO2 substrates by using one-step ultra-high vacuum chemical vapor deposition (UHVCVD) process with thin Si nucleation layers at very low deposition temperature (350 -C) was demonstrated. The results demonstrated that the polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si) nucleation layer is needed for the growth of polycrystalline germanium (poly-Ge) on SiO2 substrates at low growth temperatur...