A fundamental lemma of Yao states that computational weakunpredictability of Boolean predicates is amplified when the results of several independent instances are XOR together. We survey two known proofs of Yao’s Lemma and present a third alternative proof. The third proof proceeds by first proving that a function constructed by concatenating the values of the original function on several indep...

The paper proposes a novel design of two transistor (2T) XOR gate and its application to design an 8 bit x 8 bit multiplier. The design explores the essence of suitably biasing the MOS transistor and engineering the threshold voltage of the MOS transistor through appropriate biasing and device geometry. Using the 2T XOR gates, a full adder has been realised. Detailed simulations have been carri...

The XOR Lemma states that a mapping is regular or balanced if and only if all the linear combinations of the component functions of the mapping are balanced Boolean functions. The main contribution of this paper is to extend the XOR Lemma to more general cases where a mapping may not be necessarily regular. The extended XOR Lemma has applications in the design of substitution boxes or S-boxes u...

Although interactions between superoxide (O(2)(.-)) and nitric oxide underlie many physiologic and pathophysiologic processes, regulation of this crosstalk at the enzymatic level is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), a prototypic superoxide O(2)(.-) -producing enzyme, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS1) coimmunoprecipitate and colocalize in the sar...

-The notion of Carry Value Transformation (CVT) is a model of Discrete Deterministic Dynamical System. In this paper, we have studied some interesting properties of CVT and proved that (1) the addition of any two non-negative integers is same as the sum of their CVT and XOR values. (2) While performing the repeated addition of CVT and XOR of two non-negative integers “a” and “b” (where a ≥ b), ...

Article history: Available online 17 February 2011 Keyword: Dynamic XOR/XNOR Gate Leakage Power Variation 0167-9317/$ see front matter 2011 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.mee.2011.02.068 ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +86 15001166864. E-mail address: [email protected] (J. A hybrid network technique is proposed in dynamic CMOS XOR/XNOR gate to reduce the power consumption, save the layout...

XOR & AND gates are most important basic building blocks of any VLSI applications. These gates can be implemented in different architectures by using different circuit designs techniques. This paper evaluates and compares the performance of various design techniques of XOR-AND gates. The performances of these techniques have been evaluated by Tanner Tools V13 using the 90nm CMOS technology. In ...