Hybrid organic-inorganic films were grown by molecular layer deposition (MLD) with a three-step ABC reaction sequence using (A) trimethylaluminum (TMA), (B) ethanolamine (EA), and (C) maleic anhydride (MA) at 90 °C. Very large steady state mass gains of 1854-4220 ng/(cm(2) cycle) were measured depending on reaction conditions. These mass gains are much larger than typical mass gains for surface...

Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) is one of the most recent nature inspired (NIA) algorithms based on swarming metaphor. Proposed by Karaboga in 2005, ABC has proven to be a robust and efficient algorithm for solving global optimization problems over continuous space. However, it has been observed that the structure of ABC is such that it supports exploration more in comparison to exploitation. In or...

The costing and data mining of logistics costs will become increasingly important to all firms seeking competitive advantages. Activity Based Costing (ABC) is considered as the optimized and most promising method of costing and controlling logistics cost now, and logistics cost data mining based on ABC is playing a very important role in business management. The paper firstly analyses the princ...

Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) algorithm simulates the foraging behavior of honey bee colonies. ABC is an optimization technique, which is used in finding the best solution from all feasible solutions. However, there is still an insufficiency in ABC regarding improvement in exploitation and convergence speed. In order to improve the performance of ABC we embedded PSO into ABC. As PSO has memory, k...

The costing and data mining of logistics costs will become increasingly important to all firms seeking competitive advantages. Activity Based Costing (ABC) is considered as the optimized and most promising method of costing and controlling logistics cost now, and logistics cost data mining based on ABC is playing a very important role in business management. The paper firstly analyses the costi...

data visualization is the process of transforming data, information, and knowledge into visual form, making use of humans’ natural visual capabilities which reveals relationships in data sets that are not evident from the raw data, by using mathematical techniques to reduce the number of dimensions in the data set while preserving the relevant inherent properties. in this paper, we formulated d...

A commercial active breathing coordinator (ABC) device, employed to hold respiration at a specific level for a predefined duration, was successfully adapted for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) use for the first time. Potential effects of the necessary modifications were assessed and taken into account. Automatic MR acquisition during ABC breath holding was achieved. The feasibility of MR-ABC t...

In recent years, our understanding of the functioning of ABC (ATP-binding cassette) systems has been boosted by the combination of biochemical and structural approaches. However, the origin and the distribution of ABC proteins among living organisms are difficult to understand in a phylogenetic perspective, because it is hard to discriminate orthology and paralogy, due to the existence of horiz...

ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-type ATPases are chemomechanical engines involved in diverse biological pathways. Recent genomic information reveals that ABC ATPase domains/subunits act not only in ABC transporters and structural maintenance of chromosome proteins, but also in iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster biogenesis. A novel type of ABC protein, the SufBCD complex, functions in the biosynthesis of nas...