The purchase card (P-Card) was introduced in the 1990s as a payment mechanism for smaller value items so that purchase paperwork is reduced, itemized reporting and control become possible, and purchasing and payment are decentralized at the user level. Since the late 1990s, with E-procurement and B-to-B E-commerce, the possibilities of P-Card use have magnified exponentially. However, the adopt...

The availability of programmable cryptographic smart cards provides possibility to run application in significantly more secured environment then ordinary personal computer. Smart card platforms like Java Card or .NET allow to implement portable applications that can be run on different smart card hardware. Barriers for a skilled Java developer switching to the Java Card platform are relatively...

Smart card is a secure device for remote authentication. However, if cardholders lost their card, attackers always can successfully guess passwords and impersonate legal users to login. In 2004, Lee et al. proposed a remote authentication scheme with smart cards. In this paper, we first show that their scheme cannot withstand the guessing attack. If attackers obtain the card, they can successfu...

The Rosenbaum card is the most widely used handheld card for measuring near visual acuity. It was developed by Dr. J. George Rosenbaum of Cleveland, Ohio, for testing vision at the bedside of patients after cataract surgery. Millions of copies of the Rosenbaum card have been distributed free by drug companies or sold by medical supply firms. Most versions of the Rosenbaum card are inaccurate be...

This article describes a Java Card programming environment which to a large extent is generated from formal specifications of the syntax and semantics of Java Card, the JCRE (Java Card Runtime Environment), and the Java Card APIs. The resulting environment consists of a set of tightly integrated and somewhat smart tools, such as a Java specific structure editor and a simulator which allows an a...

Credit card fraud costs consumers and the financial industry billions of dollars annually. However, there is a dearth of published literature on credit card fraud detection. In this study we employed transaction aggregation strategy to detect credit card fraud. We aggregated transactions to capture consumer buying behavior prior to each transaction and used these aggregations for model estimati...

Payment card associations Visa and MasterCard offer both debit and credit cards and, until recently, used to engage in a tie-in on the merchant side through the so-called honorall-cards (HAC) rule. This rule has come under attack on the grounds that the credit and debit card markets are separate markets and that the associations lever their market power in the “credit card market” to exclude on...

The Java Card uses two components to ensure the security of its model. On the one hand, the byte code verifier (BCV) checks, during an applet installation, if the Java Card security model is ensured. This mechanism may not be present in the card. On the other hand, the firewall dynamically checks if there is no illegal access. This paper describes two attacks to modify the Java Card control flo...

With the growing number of smartcard applications there comes an increasing need to restrict access to the card itself. In previous work we proposed the pressure sequence biometric, within which a biometric sensor is integrated onto the card in a low-cost and mechanically compliant manner. Using an off-card verifier we demonstrated reasonable discrimination between users. In this paper we consi...

This paper provides a new theory for two-sided payment card markets by positing better microfoundations. Adopting payment cards by consumers and merchants requires a fixed cost, but yields lower marginal costs of making payments. Considering this together with the heterogeneity of consumer income and merchant size, our theory derives card adoption and usage pattern consistent with cross-section...