PURPOSE (1) To use finite element (FE) modelling to estimate local iris stresses (i.e. internal forces) as a result of mechanical pupil expansion; and to (2) compare such stresses as generated from several commercially available expanders (Iris hooks, APX dilator and Malyugin ring) to determine which design and deployment method are most likely to cause iris damage. METHODS We used a biofidel...

Splitting a variable in a Boolean formula means to replace an arbitrary set of its occurrences by a new variable. In the minimum splitting SAT problem, we ask for a minimum-size set of variables to be split in order to make the formula satisfiable. This problem is known to be APX-hard, even for 2-CNF formulas. We consider the case of 2CNF Horn formulas, i. e., 2-CNF formulas without positive 2-...

Ascorbate peroxidases (APX) are class I heme-containing enzymes that convert hydrogen peroxide into water molecules. The gene encoding APX has been characterized in 11 strains of Trypanosoma cruzi that are sensitive or resistant to benznidazole (BZ). Bioinformatic analysis revealed the presence of two complete copies of the T. cruzi APX (TcAPX) gene in the genome of the parasite, while karyotyp...

Butman, Hermelin, Lewenstein, and Rawitz proved that CLIQUE in t-interval graphs is NP-hard for t ≥ 3. We strengthen this result to show that CLIQUE in 3-track interval graphs is APX-hard.

Studies on physiological and biochemical processes in crops are highly relevant for breeders to produce hybrids with high yield. Two different maturity groups of maize were tested this study. The research site was located at the Látókép Experimental Station University Debrecen experiment lasted 2 years. examined nitrogen ranges separated into two parts. Firstly, effects fertilizer ranging from ...

Abstract The New Zealand Greenshell™ mussel ( Perna canaliculus ) supports the largest aquaculture industry in country. However, summer mortality events and potential disease outbreaks may threaten growth of this industry. As an approach to gauging threats through seasons, a detailed histopathological examination was conducted on 256 adult cultured mussels collected from farm between April 2018...

Abstract Apixaban (APX) is a novel anticoagulant drug used in the treatment of ischemic stroke and venous thromboembolism. In this study, two different chromatographic methods were developed for determination APX pharmaceutical products. first method, an Agilent C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) was used, temperature kept constant at 30°C. The mobile phase chosen to be 0.1% trifluoroacetic aci...

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced during seed desiccation, germination, and ageing, leading to cellular damage and seed deterioration and, therefore, decreased seed longevity. The effects of simultaneous over-expression of two antioxidant enzymes on seed longevity and seed germination under stressful conditions were investigated. Transgenic tobacco simultaneously over-expressing the Cu...

Despite very similar protein structures, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and yeast cytochrome-cperoxidase (CCP) stabilize different radical species during enzyme turnover. Both enzymes contain similar active site residues, including the tryptophan that is oxidized to a stable cation radical in CCP. However, the analogous trytophan is not oxidized in APX, and the second oxidizing equivalent is retain...