PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a systemic fibroinflammatory disorder affecting nearly all organs, including the kidney. Tubulointerstitial nephritis (IgG4-TIN) is the most common form of IgG4-related kidney disease (IgG4-RKD) and is the focus of this concise review. OBJECTIVE The study aims to describe when IgG4-TIN should be suspected and to summarize th...

Two secreted signaling molecules, wingless (wg) and decapentaplegic (dpp), are required to specify the heart in Drosophila. wg and dpp are also required to specify other cell types within the mesoderm and in many other regions of the embryo. Because the spatial patterns of wg and dpp are dynamic, different populations of mesodermal cells are exposed to different combinations of wg and/or dpp at...

Nanocomposite coatings of TiN/a-C were prepared on tool steel substrates using a multitarget reactive DC magnetron sputtering process at various TiN layer thicknesses (0.6–2.8 nm). The a-C layer thickness was approximately 0.45 nm. Structural characterisation of the coatings was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Incorporation of an a-C phase in TiN matrix reduced crystallite size of the coatings...

The adhesion of PACVD TiN films on tool steel ( AISI Pa ) has been investigated as a function of interfacial chemistry and the metallic interlayer formation between TiN films and substrate steel. Prior to TiN deposition, thin metallic interlayers such as T i , Cr, Cu films were deposited on a steel substrate with thickness range of 200 2000 A by Magnetron qxtterhg. TiN films were deposited by R...

(99m)Tc-Tin colloid is a commonly used colloidal radiopharmaceutical in human medicine for evaluating liver function and morphology. (99m)Tc-Tin colloid is taken up in the liver by the phagocytic activity of Kupffer cells, the reticuloendothelial cells of the liver. Unlike what occurs in human beings, we demonstrated (99m)Tc-Tin colloid uptake within the lungs and liver in healthy, mature, mini...

Tin and organotin compounds have been identified in at least 214 and 8 sites, respectively, of the 1,662 hazardous waste sites that have been proposed for inclusion on the EPA National Priorities List (NPL) (HazDat 2004). However, the number of sites evaluated for tin and organotin compounds is not known. The frequency of these sites can be seen in Figures 6-1 and 6-2, respectively. All sites w...

The direct synthesis of TiN nanoparticles on carbon black (CB) was achieved using an mpg-C(3)N(4)/CB composite as a template. The obtained TiN/CB composites ensured improved contact between TiN and CB, functioning as an efficient cathode catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs). The preparation procedure developed in this study is applicable for the...

In this study, full waveform LiDAR data were exploited to improve the generation of a large-scale digital elevation model (DEM). Building on the methods of progressive generation of triangulation irregular network (TIN) model reported in the literature, we proposed an integrated approach. In this method, echo detection, terrain identification, and TIN generation were performed synergically and ...

A laboratory experiment was conducted with bean seeds kept in three different containers viz. tin pot, poly bag and jute bag and stored at room temperature and RH for three months in the Laboratory of Agronomy Department, Sher-eBangla Agricultural University to study their storage behavior, germination percentage and quality. The seed of jute bag came to the contact with air and their moisture ...

The phase stability and mechanical properties of wurtzite (w)-Zr0.25Al0.75N/cubic (c)-TiN and w-Zr0.25Al0.75N/c-ZrN multilayers grown by arc evaporation are studied. Coherent interfaces with an orientation relation of c-TiN (111)[1-10]ǀ ǀ w-ZrAlN (0001)[11-20] form between ZrAlN and TiN sublayers during growth of the w-ZrAlN/c-TiN multilayer. During annealing at 1100 °C a c-Ti(Zr)N phase forms ...