Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is an aggressive type of cancer, and its incidence and mortality rates are increasing worldwide. Mortalin is a highly conserved chaperone protein involved in multiple pathological and physiological processes, including anti-apoptosis, carcinogenesis and metastasis. The Bcl-2 family of proteins can be divided into pro-survival and pro-apoptotic members, incl...

Ördög, Tamás, Doug Redelman, Nancy N. Horowitz, and Kenton M. Sanders. Immunomagnetic enrichment of interstitial cells of Cajal. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 286: G351–G360, 2004. First published October 16, 2003; 10.1152/ajpgi.00281.2003.—Disruptions of networks of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), gastrointestinal pacemakers and mediators of neurotransmission, can lead to disorder...

BACKGROUND The molecular prognostic markers and carcinogenesis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) have not been well documented. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of the eyes absent homolog 4 (EYA4) gene in ICC and its biological effects on ICC growth in vitro and in vivo. METHODS One hundred twelve patients with ICC who underwent hepatectomy were enrolle...

We present extensions of Miquel’s Implicit Calculus of Constructions (ICC) and Barras and Bernardo’s decidable Implicit Calculus of Constructions (ICC*) with union and subset types. The purpose of these systems is to solve the problem of interaction betweeen logical and computational data. This is a work in progress and our long term goal is to add the whole inductive types to ICC and ICC* in o...

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is a relatively rare form of liver cancer with a poor prognosis. The therapeutic options for patients with advanced ICC are limited and usually ineffective. There is currently no approved targeted therapy for ICC, although accumulating evidence supports inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway as a promising therapeutic strategy in the treatment of...

Gastroparesis (GP), defined as delayed gastric emptying in the absence of any mechanical obstruction, is a challenging clinical condition, mainly because of limited treatment options. Studies in animal models of delayed gastric emptying as well as patients with gastroparesis revealed depletion or ultrastructural changes of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the gastric tissue, recently termed...

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary tumor of the liver. To further define its clinicopathology and surgical management, we reviewed our experience. Clinical presentations of 32 patients with ICC was similar to that with hepatocellular carcinoma. Jaundice occurred in only 27 percent. ICC was unresectable due to advanced disease stage in 81 percent. Six patient...

A considerable body of evidence has revealed that interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), identified with c-Kit-immunoreactivity, act as gut pacemaker cells, with spontaneous Ca(2+) activity in ICC as the probable primary mechanism. Namely, intracellular (cytosolic) Ca(2+) oscillations in ICC periodically activate plasmalemmal Ca(2+)-dependent ion channels and thereby generate pacemaker potentials. ...

This paper reviews the distribution of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the human gastro-intestinal (GI) tract, based on ultrastructural and immunohistochemical evidence. The distribution and morphology of ICC at each level of the normal GI tracts is addressed from the perspective of their functional significance. Alterations of ICC reported in as well as in GI stromal tumours are reviewed,...