Background: One third of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have mentioned “dysphonia” as their most debilitating communication deficit. Patient-based measurements, such as Voice Handicap Index (VHI) add necessary supplementary information to clinical and physiological assessment. There are a few studies about relation between VHI and disease severity in PD, although none of them showed an...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none fa microsoftinternetexplorer4 aim : this study aimed to determine the association between pd-1.5c/t (rs2227981, +7785) and the risk of gastric cancer (gc) in an iranian population. background : gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer in the world. the programmed death 1 (pd-1) is a member of the cd28 super family. pd-1 is a negative regulator of t...

background: because of the adverse effects of ionizing radiation on fetuses, prior to radiotherapy of pregnant patients, fetal dose should be estimated. fetal dose has been studied by several authors in different depths in phantoms with various abdomen thicknesses (at). in this study, the effect of maternal at and depth in fetal dosimetry was investigated, using peripheral dose (pd) distributio...

b a c k ground: several studies have indicated that executive dysfunction is the main neuropsychological feature of parkinson’s disease (pd). the frontal assessment battery (fab) is a short tool for the assessment of executive functions. p u r p o s e : the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between persian version of fab scores and age, education, mini-mental state examination...

  In this work,copper/palladium (Cu/Pd) multilayer nanowires were successfully prepared by electrodeposition method using polycarbonate template. The fabrication of Pd/Cu multilayer nanowires was controlled by analyzing the current–time transient during electrodeposition using potentiostat. The morphological properties of the nanowires were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and resu...

Depression is common and may occur at any stage in the long history of Parkinson’s disease, markedly affecting a patient’s threshold to discomfort, but it is particularly difficult to assess before clear clinical features are evident. The rate of depression in patients with Parkinson’s disease vary, partly because of differences in the definition of depression, difficulties in distinguishing be...

introduction: parkinson`s disease (pd) is a chronic disorder of basal ganglia with cardinal signs of resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability. various studies have evaluated quiet stance postural stability in mild pd but as the authors know there is no consensus on this issue. therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate stance stability of the subjects at early stage...

abstract background and objective: parkinson's disease (pd) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder with massive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. l-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) substitution is still the gold standard therapy for pd. however, there has been little information available on neuroprotective and regenerative therapies for pd. due to the neu...