Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has recently become popular in Japan. Prostate cancer is indisputably one of the main targets of IMRT. However, the current status and interfacility differences in dose-prescription policies for prostate IMRT are unknown. Therefore, a nationwide survey of 43 institutions that had implemented prostate IMRT was conducted by sending a questionnaire rega...

UNLABELLED Superinfection exclusion (SIE), the ability of an established virus infection to interfere with a secondary infection by the same or a closely related virus, has been described for different viruses, including important pathogens of humans, animals, and plants. Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), a positive-sense RNA virus, represents a valuable model system for studying SIE due to the exis...

The presence of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) has previously been reported in citrus growing regions of Turkey. All serologically and biologically characterized isolates including Iğdır, which was the first identified CTV isolates from Turkey, were considered mild isolates. In this study, molecular characteristics of the Iğdır isolate were determined by different methods. Analysis of the Iğdır is...

PURPOSE The geometrical uncertainties in the patient positioning during intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) are crucial as there is potential to underdose the tumor and overdose the nearby critical structures. Image guided techniques provide a solution to assess the patient set-up uncertainties and help determine the optimal planning target volume (PTV) margin to the clinical tumor volume (...

The aim of the study was to investigate the suitable segmentation method in small, low uptake and heterogeneous nodules of stage I lung adenocarcinoma.133 stage I lung adenocarcinoma patients with F-FDG PET/CT scans were enrolled in this retrospective study. All lesions were divided into different groups according to nodule density, nodule size, and the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) le...

Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) is an important citrus pathogen causing considerable economic loss to production. Knowledge on genetic evolutionary of the CTV population in China remains limited. In this study, 1439 samples were collected from nine citrus-producing areas China. The coat protein (CP) genes amplified by RT-PCR, and sequenced analyze evolution. Analysis base composition showed AU pref...

Isolates of the Closterovirus, Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), are populations of disparate genotypes and defective RNAs developed during long periods of vegetative propagation of citrus trees. Because it has not been possible to obtain pure cultures of the virus, it is not known what components of the population are primarily responsible for induction of diseases. We previously developed an infec...

A male patient, aged 33, was treated at the Clinic for Oncology, Hematology and Radiotherapy at the University Clinical Center, Tuzla, with the diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Conformal radiotherapy was conducted on the region of the epipharynx, oropharynx and lymph nodes of the neck on both sides (1). The target volume included the following: the clinical target volume (CTV) of the...

PURPOSE To evaluate the differences between three methods of classification of recurrences in patients with head and neck tumours treated with Radiation Therapy (RT). MATERIALS AND METHODS 367 patients with head and neck tumours were included in the study. Tumour recurrences were delineated in the CT images taken during patient follow-up and deformable registration was used to transfer this v...

PURPOSE We report our study on two patients to highlight the risk of underdosage of the clinical target volume (CTV) due to edema during high-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy (HDR-ISBT) of mobile tongue cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS To treat the lateral side of the CTV, flexible applicator tubes were implanted on the mouth floor. Two-dimensional planning was performed using X-ray images fo...