This work proposes a novel metric, Maximally Amortized Cost (MAC), for cost evaluations of error correction of predictive Chinese input methods (IMs). With a series of real-time simulation, user correction behaviors are analyzed by estimating generalized backward compatibility of adaptive Chinese IMs. Comparisons between three IMs by using MAC with different context lengths report empirical fac...

IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) as the core of Next Generation Network (NGN), its security is vital important. However, IMS is a network with openarchitecture based on IP, which brings a lot of security issues. There has already some research results about IMS security, but systematic and model-based research results are lacked. Based on TVRA method, this paper establishes a comprehensive vulnera...

Macrophages play a key role in the innate immune system. Macrophages are thought to originate from hematopoietic precursors or the yolk sac. Here, we describe the in vitro establishment of self-renewable GM-CSF-dependent immature macrophages (GM-IMs) from murine bone marrow (BM). GM-IMs grow continuously in vitro in conditioned medium containing GM-CSF. The immunophenotype of GM-IMs is F4/80(hi...

BACKGROUND Mood disorders are dynamic disorders characterized by multimodal symptoms. Clinical assessment of symptoms is currently limited to relatively sparse, routine clinic visits, requiring retrospective recollection of symptoms present in the weeks preceding the visit. Novel advances in mobile tools now support ecological momentary assessment of mood, conducted frequently using mobile devi...

Acute organophosphate insecticide poisoning can manifest 3 different phases of toxic effects, namely, acute cholinergic crisis, intermediate syndrome (IMS), and delayed neuropathy. Among them, IMS has been considered as a major contributing factor of organophosphate-related morbidity and mortality because of its frequent occurrence and probable consequence of respiratory failure. Despite a high...

Conventional immunomagnetic separation (IMS) procedures, which use an external magnetic source to capture magnetic particles against the side of a test tube, are labor-intensive and can have poor sensitivity for the target organism because of high background microflora that is not effectively washed away during the IMS process. This report compares the conventional IMS procedure to a new IMS pr...

Three strains of facultatively anaerobic thermotolerant and moderately halophilic bacteria were isolated from two Jordanian hot spring locations. The novel Bacillus strains were short rods, Gram-positive, motile and spore formers. The strains were capable of anaerobic (but not aerobic) growth at 63C, moderately halophilic, able to grow at NaCl concentration range of 12 15 % and at temperatures ...

IMS Learning Design (IMS LD 2003) is an open standard that can be used to specify a wide range of pedagogical strategies as formal models. Such formal models then can be interpreted and executed by IMS LD compatible players to support online learning. This chapter introduces the basic knowledge required to effectively use IMS LD. First of all, we present fundamental principles behind IMS LD. Th...

The IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) architecture is the key control for next generation networks (NGN). IMS gives network operators the opportunity to extend their services, including voice and multimedia communications and deliver them in new environments with new goals. Its security is paramount, especially authentication. In IMS, authentication is divided into two phases a PS (Packet-Switch) d...