OBJECTIVE Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients often have impaired quality of life (QOL), anxiety, depression, and reduced daily physical activity (DPA) and physical performance. The contributions of these latter factors to reduced QOL in MHD are poorly understood. We examined the association of QOL with anxiety, depression, DPA, and physical performance. METHODS Seventy-two relatively hea...

BACKGROUND The mortality rate of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients remains high. Measures of protein-energy wasting, including hypoalbuminemia, are strongly associated with their high mortality. Growth hormone (GH) may improve lean body mass (LBM) and serum albumin levels, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), which are significantly and positively associated with survival in MHD pa...

We diagnose local properties of magnetic reconnection during a sawtooth crash employing the three-dimensional toroidal, extended-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) code M3D-C. To do so, we sample simulation data in the plane in which reconnection occurs, the plane perpendicular to the helical ( ) ( ) = m n , 1, 1 mode at the q=1 surface, where m and n are the poloidal and toroidal mode numbers and q i...

The Beijing Hemodialysis Quality Control and Improvement Center started patient data collection from 2007. We report here the trends in incidence, prevalence, and mortality of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). The incidence increased from 94 per million population in 2007 to 147.3 per million population in 2010. The leading cause of ESRD changed from chr...

The density and pressure are positive physical quantities in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). Design of provably positivity-preserving (PP) numerical schemes for ideal compressible MHD is highly desired, but remains a challenge especially in the multi-dimensional cases. In this paper, we develop uniformly high-order discontinuous Galerkin (DG) schemes which provably preserve the positivity of densit...

For the understandings of the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) characteristics in plasma, the spectrum of the resistive MHD modes are investigated in detail by solving the eigenvalue problem of the reduced MHD equations in cylindrical tokamak plasmas. The eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the resistive MHD modes are clarified for small toroidal and poloidal mode numbers, and the discrete eigenvalues w...

Recent advances in the integrated modeling of ELMy H-mode plasmas are presented. A model for the H-mode pedestal and for the triggering of ELMs predicts the height, width, and shape of the H-mode pedestal and the frequency and width of ELMs. Formation of the pedestal and the L-H transition is the direct result of ~ Er × ~ B flow shear suppression of anomalous transport. The periodic ELM crashes...

The Monty Hall Dilemma (MHD) is a striking example of the human tendency to base probability judgment on intuitive, erroneous heuristics instead of an analytic, normative reasoning process. Two experiments tested the claim (e.g., Stanovich & West, 2000) that correct, normative reasoning draws on executive, working memory resources (WM) whereas heuristic reasoning would be purely automatic. Expe...

We analyze 3D numerical simulations of driven incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in a periodic box threaded by a moderately strong external magnetic field. We find that the time scale for the energy cascade is consistent with the Goldreich-Sridhar model of strong MHD turbulence. Using higher order longitudinal structure functions we show that the turbulent motions in the plane ...