An enantioselective Michael addition of ketones to alkylidenemalononitriles catalyzed by chiral primary amine I with (R)-5c as a co-catalyst in good yields (>90%) and with good enantioselectivities (85-96% ee) has been developed. The strategy has also been extended to a three-component version through a domino Knoevenagel/Michael sequence with similar or better outcomes.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of six cryoprotectants (dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), glycerol (Gly), methanol (MeOH), ethylene glycol (EG), 1,2-propylene glycol (PG) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) on the survival of medaka (Oryzias lapites) embryos at low temperatures (0 and -5C). Firstly, the embryos at 8 to 16-cell stages were exposed to different concentrations (1 to 4 mol ...

PURPOSE We examined the antiproliferative effect of IFN-alphaCon1 and its mechanism on ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma in vitro and in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN (a) The effects of IFN-alphaCon1 on growth, morphology, cell cycle, and type I IFN-alpha receptor (IFNAR-2) expression were examined on two ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma cell lines (KOC-5C and KOC-7C) in vitro. (b) KOC-5C or KOC...

BACKGROUND Radiological outcomes between anterior and posterior approach in Lenke 5C curves were still controversial. Meta-analysis on published articles to compare fusion segments and radiological outcomes between the two surgical approaches was performed. METHODS Electronic database was conducted for searching studies concerning the anterior versus posterior approach in Lenke 5C curves. Aft...

Mammalian genomes contain several dozens of large (>0.5 Mbp) lineage-specific gene loci harbouring functionally related genes. However, spatial chromatin folding, organization of the enhancer-promoter networks and their relevance to Topologically Associating Domains (TADs) in these loci remain poorly understood. TADs are principle units of the genome folding and represents the DNA regions withi...

Background: The main constituents of Cymbopogonnardus (L) Rendle and C. citratus (DC) Stapfessential oils are (R)-citronellal and citral, respectively. Organochalcogen compounds can boost the biological activities of natural products. Methods: Several chalcogen-containing nitrones derived from (R)-citronellal and citral were prepared and evaluated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activit...