Nonlinear stochastic dynamical systems are widely used to model physical processes. In many practical applications, the state variables are defined on a compact set of the state space, i.e., they are bounded or saturated. To estimate the states of systems with saturated variables, the Saturated Particle Filter (SPF) has recently been developed. This filter exploits the structure of the saturate...

RT-PCR for the detection of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in allantoic fluids of SPF embryonated eggs as well as in tissues of SPF chickens infected experimentally is described. The method proved to be specific as all tested NDVs were detected and no cross reaction with other RNA viruses was observed. Sensitivity of the method was established at 10ELD50/0.1 ml. To detect NDV in chicken tissues,...

Recent researches present that packet-mode scheduling may provide overall performance advantages over cell-mode scheduling in input queueing switches. But one significant drawback of existing packet-mode schedulers is that they tend to result in longer waiting time of short packets, whose delay is critical to the performance of IP networks. To mitigate the problem, this paper proposes a simple ...

The Sun Protection Factor (SPF) is the most important data to quantify the effectiveness of a sunscreen, being universally accepted. The method is based on determining the minimum erythematous dose (MED), defined as the smallest amount of energy required for triggering the erythema, in areas of protected and unprotected skin. The SPF value is then calculated as the ratio between the MED of prot...

The coagulation of β-conglycinin (7S), glycinin (11S) and isoflavones induced by calcium chloride was investigated. Approximately 92.6% of the soymilk proteins were coagulated into the soymilk pellet fraction (SPF) after the addition of 5 mM calcium chloride. SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis indicated that most of the 7S (α', α and β), 11S acidic (A1a, A1b, A2, A3 and A4) a...

We study algorithms for the minimum mean cycle problem, a parametric version of shortest path feasibility (SPF). The three basic approaches to the problem are cycle-based, binary search, and tree-based. The first two use an SPF algorithm as a subroutine, while the latter uses a parametric approach. When implementing the SPF-based methods, one has a choice of SPF algorithms and incremental optim...

Supernatant protein factor (SPF) and anionic phospholipids such as phosphatidylglycerol (PG) stimulate squalene epoxidase activity in rat liver microsomes by promoting ['Hlsqualene uptake as well as substrate translocation (Chin, J., and K. Bloch. 1984. J Biol. C h . 259: 11735-11738). This process is postulated to be membrane-mediated and not carriermediated. Here we show that treatment of PG ...

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the transmission of pathogenic respiratory bacteria to thirteen 5-month-old specific pathogen free (SPF) pigs, during the slaughtering process in a commercial slaughterhouse. Before transportation, the SPF pigs and the lorry were checked to confirm the absence of pathogenic respiratory bacteria. Nine SPF pigs (group 1) were in contact in a conventional ...

Digital image processing (DIP) of bacterial smears is a new method of analysing the composition of the gut microbial flora. This method provides the opportunity to compare and evaluate differences in the complex highly concentrated anaerobic fraction of gut microbial flora, based on micromorphological differences. There is ample evidence that this fraction can be characterized as related or unr...