Myelin membranes are sheet-like extensions of oligodendrocytes that can be considered membrane domains distinct from the cell's plasma membrane. Consistent with the polarized nature of oligodendrocytes, we demonstrate that transcytotic transport of the major myelin-resident protein proteolipid protein (PLP) is a key element in the mechanism of myelin assembly. Upon biosynthesis, PLP traffics to...

The structures of tomato 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) in complex with either cofactor pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) or both PLP and inhibitor aminoethoxyvinylglycine have been determined by x-ray crystallography. The structures showed good conservation of the catalytic residues, suggesting a similar catalytic mechanism for ACS and other PLP-dependent enzymes. However, the pro...

Proteolipid protein (PLP), the major protein of central nervous system myelin, contains covalently bound fatty acids, predominantly palmitic acid. This study adapts a stable isotope technique (Kuwae, T., Schmid, P. C., Johnson, S. B., and Schmid, H. O. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 5002–5007) to quantitatively determine the minimal proportion of PLP molecules which undergo palmitoylation. In these...

Post-amputation sensation often translates to the feeling of severe pain in the missing limb, referred to as phantom limb pain (PLP). A clear and rational treatment regimen is difficult to establish, as long as the underlying pathophysiology is not fully known. In this work, an innovative PLP management system is presented, as a module of an holistic computer-mediated pain management environmen...

objective: evaluating the effect of dentin conditioning with edta on microleakage of composite resin restorations, using two etch and rinse and two self-etch adhesives. materials and methods: one hundred and sixty extracted molars received class v cavity preparations right under the cej and were randomly divided into eight groups of 20, usingfour different adhesive systems. these adhesives incl...

BACKGROUND Tryptophan metabolism through the kynurenine pathway includes 2 vitamin B-6 [pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)]-dependent enzymes. We recently showed that plasma 3-hydroxykynurenine (HK) was elevated at low PLP concentrations. OBJECTIVE We further evaluated and characterized kynurenine-based indexes as possible markers of functional B-vitamin status in plasma. DESIGN Cross-sectional a...

Phantom limb pain (PLP) associated neuroplastic changes are partly mediated by excitatory amino acids at NMDA receptor sites. This study was undertaken to deduce if NMDA-receptor antagonists may be effective in patients with chronic PLP. Therefore a four week double-blinded, randomized placebo-controlled trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy of 30 mg memantine/day, an orally administrabl...

In the mouse, there is a large family of paralogous genes closely related to PRL. The objective of this report was to investigate the organization of the mouse PRL gene family locus. PRL family genes reside on chromosome 13 of the mouse genome. The PRL gene family members were localized to a series of overlapping bacterial artificial chromosome clones and arranged based on structural relationsh...

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) can now be defined as an X-linked recessive leukodystrophy that is caused by a mutation in the proteolipid protein (PLP) gene on chromosome Xq22. The most common mutation is gene duplication followed in frequency by missense mutations, insertions, and deletions. The clinical spectrum ranges from severe neonatal cases to relatively benign adult forms and X-link...

Extended viewing of movements of the intact hand in a mirror as well as motor imagery has been shown to decrease pain in phantom pain patients. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess the neural correlates of mirrored, imagined and executed hand movements in 14 upper extremity amputees - 7 with phantom limb pain (PLP) and 7 without phantom limb pain (non-PLP) and 9 healthy contr...