Background—Pulsed dye laser (PDL) is a commonly utilized treatment for port wine stain birthmarks (PWS) in the United States; however, results are variable and few patients achieve complete removal. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is commonly used in China, but treatment associated photosensitivity lasts several weeks and scarring may occur. We propose an alternative treatment option, combined PDT+P...

There are anatomical and functional differences between human dental pulp (DP) and periodontal ligament (PDL). However, the molecular biological differences and function of these tissues are poorly understood. In the present study, we employed a cDNA microarray array to screen for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between human DP and PDL tissues, and used the online software WebGestalt to ...

Although periodontal ligament (PDL) cells have previously been isolated from permanent teeth, they have not been isolated from deciduous teeth. Here, we used human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) induction to establish the first immortalized PDL cell lines derived from deciduous teeth. Cells were transfected with plasmids containing hTERT. Single-cell cloning was then performed using t...

Recent work on Knowledge Representation has brought new interest to Propositional Dynamic Logics PDL s by pointing out a tight correspondence between these logics and logics for representing structured knowledge Description Logics TerminologicalLanguages Nevertheless this work has also made apparent the lack in the known PDL s of certain constructs needed to fully exploit the correspondence The...

The life-span of the tooth is intimately-associated with healthiness of periodontal ligament (PDL) which is a connective tissue situated between bone and cementum that covers tooth root surface. However, once this tissue is severely damaged by deep caries, periodontitis, and trauma, this leads to severe difficulty in its regeneration, resulting in tooth loss and decreased quality of life. The d...

BACKGROUND Hypertrophic scars affect 1.5% to 4.5% of the general population and remain notoriously difficult to eradicate because of the high recurrence rates and the incidence of side effects associated with treatment. Pulsed dye laser (PDL) treatment and intralesional corticosteroids have individually been reported to be effective in reducing hypertrophic scar bulk and symptoms. OBJECTIVE T...

Bunitrolol (BNT) (1, 2) and pindolol (PDL) (3) are i9-adrenergic blocking drugs with intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. We determined the antihypertensive effect of BNT in hypertensive rats using PDL as the reference drug. The previous reports indicated that PDL is effective in spontaneously hyper tensive rats (SHR) (4-6), but not effective in deoxycorticosterone and salt (DOC) hyper tensive r...

BACKGROUND Experimental autoimmune glomerulonephritis (EAG) can be induced in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats by immunization with the recombinant NC1 domain of the alpha 3 chain of type IV collagen [α3(IV)NC1]. EAG is characterized by circulating and deposited anti-α3(IV)NC1 antibodies, accompanied by focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis with crescent formation. Programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor is p...

Background and aims: Although rehabilitation of the partially dentate jaw with implant-supported fixed prosthesis has achieved high success rates, little is known regarding their effects on the opposing natural dentition. The periodontal ligament (PDL) functions as a dynamic attachment apparatus, and responds to occlusal forces by widening/narrowing and alterations in collagen fiber density/ or...

The blocking of programmed death ligand-1 (PDL-1) has been shown to enhance virus-specific CD8 T cell function during chronic viral infections. Though, how PDL-1 blocking at the time of priming affects the quality of CD8 T cell response to acute infections is not well understood and remains controversial. This report demonstrates that the magnitude of the primary and secondary CD8 T cell respon...