In this work, different aspects on the re-use of wood based fibres have been studied, focusing on ink detachment of flexographic ink from model cellulose surfaces and changes in porous structure of kraft fibres following different treatments. New model systems for evaluation of ink detachment and ink-cellulose interactions were used. Ink detachment was studied using Impinging jet cell equipment...

The degradation of a swede (Brassica napus L., cv. Danestone) diet anterior to the terminal ileum was studied in two pigs fitted with T-shaped cannulas 150 mm before the ileo-caecal junction. Digestibility was calculated with reference to chromic oxide and polyethylene glycol. In addition to the total loss of free glucose and fructose, there were substantial modifications to cell-wall material ...

Dietary fibre rose to prominence in the late 1960s. For a decade it held the enthusiastic attention of many doctors, nutritionists, and the public at a time of increasing awareness of the part played by diet in health. Dietary fibre had been considered previously to be an inert component of plant foods; because it was not digestible by human intestinal enzymes it was thought to have no importan...

We define the pull-back of a smooth principal fibre bundle, and show that it has a natural principal fibre bundle structure. Next, we analyse the relationship between pull-backs by homotopy equivalent maps. The main result of this article is to show that for a principal fibre bundle over a paracompact manifold, there is a principal fibre bundle isomorphism between pull-backs obtained from homot...

A new analytical solution for the load distribution along a fibre in a network has been used to investigate some aspects of paper tensile strength and elastic modulus. The method uses a similar approximation to the shear-lag formulation but allows stress transfer at individual contacts, rather than specifying a single stress transfer function applying along the entire length of the fibre. Measu...

The use of specific methods other than gravimetric ones to analyse fibre permitted a more precise study of the degradation of cell wall (CW) in the digestive tract. Digesta flow and rate of passage measurements have not been assessed previously in rabbits to investigate fibre digestion and fibre effects simultaneously in the proximal and in the distal segments of the tract. The effect of the le...

High-quality cotton fibre equates to a more comfortable textile. Fibre length is an important index of fibre quality. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) acts as a signalling molecule in the regulation of fibre elongation. Results from in vitro ovule culture suggest that the alteration of fibre cell H2O2 levels affects fibre development. Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is an important reactive oxygen species (...

This paper describes the recent development of enabling fibre technologies for high capacity, long span, unrepeatered transmission systems, including ultra-large-area low loss fibre and high efficiency Er-doped fibre (EDF) for remote optically-pumped amplification (ROPA). We present the system design and experimental demonstration of 3.2 Tb/s (32 x 120-Gb/s) transmission over a 445-km long unre...

Fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs) are novel components of communication and sensors. The technique commonly employed for production of FBGs involves exposure of photosensitive germanosilicate fibre cores to intense excimer laser radiation through an optical phase mask located in close proximity of the fibre. FBGs were written using this technique in two different fibre samples and their strain and te...