Previous work from our laboratory [1] has established the efficient syntheses of lysine (APA-Lys)* and ornithine (APA-Orn) analogues of the folate antagonist drug methotrexate (MTX). Both analogues are potent inhibitors of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) , the intracellular target for MTX and other antifolate drugs. Reaction of APA-Lys and APA-Orn with dansyl chloride furnishes the corresponding...

We detected a low CYP17/HSD3B2 ratio in APA tissue, indicating that the cortisol pathway is suppressed in APA and also observed a high CYP11B2/CYP11B1 ratio in APA tissue, suggesting that the aldosterone pathway is accelerated in APA [8]. Furthermore, we reported that there were no KCNJ5 gene mutations in the normal tissue adhering to KCNJ5 gene mutationharboring APA, suggesting that somatic mu...

Alternative polyadenylation (APA) is a mechanism that generates multiple mRNA isoforms with different 3'UTRs and/or coding sequences from a single gene. Here, using 3' region extraction and deep sequencing (3'READS), we have systematically mapped cleavage and polyadenylation sites (PASs) in Drosophila melanogaster, expanding the total repertoire of PASs previously identified for the species, es...

The pathogenetic role and the clinical importance of the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs) in patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) are not clear. In this study, the prevalence and clinical significance of APAs were investigated in patients with ITP. Eighty-two newly diagnosed ITP patients were prospectively studied. They were evaluated for the presence of lupus antic...

Although alternative polyadenylation (APA) ofmessenger RNA is a well-known phenomenon, the biological consequences of APA, especially with respect to tissue-specificity, is not fully understood. In 2010, Mangone et al. (2010) reported a genome-scale study mapping polyadenylation in adult and several larval stages of C. elegans. The study showed a surprisingly widespread occurrence of APA usage,...

The potential aminopeptidase activity (APA) vis-a-vis important ecological parameters of surface and bottom waters of Uranouchi Inlet (Japan), a semi-enclosed eutrophic coastal ecosystem, were studied on a weekly to biweekly basis from mid-August 1996 to early November 1997. The aim of this study was to investigate the main factors regulating the annual and seasonal dynamics of APA in the inlet...