Predation is an important factor in the dynamics of gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) populations, yet predation rates can be difÞcult to estimate accurately in the Þeld. Biased estimates can result from spatial heterogeneity in risk or from artifacts associated with deploying prey. Here we compare predation rates on freeze-dried gypsy moth pupae afÞxed with beeswax to pieces of burlap withpreda...

We purified a novel serine protease with a molecular mass of 26 kDa from Sarcophaga pupae. This protease appeared almost exclusively in the yellow body, an organ that develops temporarily in the pupae of dipteran insects and expands to form the adult midgut by engulfing the larval midgut. cDNA analysis revealed that this protease consists of 239 amino acid residues and has significant structura...

Pupae of holometabolous insects are not motionless and insensitive developmental stages. Their behavioural display is restricted to rotations or contractions of the abdomen in a range of movements from the clearly visible to the microscopic of the order of tenths of microns. Pupae react spontaneously and surprisingly sensitively to mechanical, light or sound stimuli. In the present study, react...

Many true parasites and parasitoids modify the behaviour of their host, and these changes are thought to be to the benefit of the parasites. However, field tests of this hypothesis are scarce, and it is often unclear whether the host or the parasite profits from the behavioural changes, or even if parasitism is a cause or consequence of the behaviour. We show that braconid parasitoids (Glyptapa...

Abstract Radio frequency plasma (RFP) could provide reliable, compact, cost-effective irradiation applications against insect pests of stored food and feed products. Sensitivity red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum to RFP has been investigated using an applicator system with the two types inert gases, argon (Ar) helium (He), at 100 W for five exposure time levels 0, 20, 40, 60 90 s, respectivel...

The pumpkin seed membrane (PSM), which is high in water retention the study, was recycled as waste, intended to be used terms of target-non-target creatures and determine its effect on resistance formation. Nowadays, when fat intake steadily increasing through nutrition, increased use makes an individual vulnerable stress. study determined additional taken waste/nutrients oxidative stress obese...

Methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-mediated defense in conventional cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvaceae), against cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (H€ ubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), was investigated with respect to the activities of the detoxification enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CarE), and glutathione S-transferases (GST) in pupae as well as the performance of larvae...

The ectoparasitic mite, Varroa destructor, is the most destructive parasite of managed honeybee colonies worldwide. Since V. destructor transfers pathogens to honeybees, it may be adaptive for bees to respond to mite infestation by upregulating their immune responses. Mites, however, may overcome the host's immune responses by suppressing them, which could facilitate the mite's ability to feed ...