Nowadays, materials with persistent luminescence (MPLs) have attracted growing attention in the photocatalytic field because they can act as an inner light source to irradiate (PCMs) and sustain their activities absence of external irradiation source. The motivation present work is provide a review [email protected] composites that are interest for both lighting fields. In terms unique MPLs pri...

This document specifies an architectural framework for the application of Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) to the construction of packet-switched transport networks. It describes a common set of protocol functions-the MPLS Transport Profile (MPLS-TP)-that supports the operational models and capabilities typical of such networks, including signaled or explicitly provisioned bidirectional con...

Status of This Memo This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard of any kind. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. Abstract This document specifies Operations and Management (OAM) requirements for Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS), as well as for applications of MPLS, such as pseudo-wire voice and virtual private network services. Th...

In this paper we present some new identities for multiple polylogarithms (abbr. MPLs) and harmonic star sums MHSSs) by using the methods of iterated integral computations logarithm functions. Then, applying these formulas obtained, establish explicit relations between Kaneko-Yamamoto type zeta values K-Y MZVs), MZVs) MPLs. Further, find MZVs MZSVs). Furthermore, define an Apéry-type variant MZS...

A microporous layer (MPL) is typically added to the gas diffusion of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) promote cell performance and water management. The transport mechanism through MPL is, however, not well understood due its small pores (20–500 nm). Here, we demonstrate that polychromatic X-ray tomographic microscopy (XTM) can be used determine porosity spatial distribution in nanoporous...

Multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) is a versatile solution to address the problems faced by present-day networks—speed, scalability, quality-of-service (QoS) management, and traffic engineering. MPLS has emerged as an elegant solution to meet the bandwidth-management and service requirements for nextgeneration Internet protocol (IP)–based backbone networks. MPLS addresses issues related to sc...

In this paper, an integration framework for 4Gnetwork architecture between UMTS-GPRS system and 802.11 WLAN systems using MPLS as the underlying technology is developed. In 4G networks, to suffice the needs of users with relatively low mobility but yet to provide a substantial amount of bandwidth in hot-spots, it becomes essential to integrate WLAN 802.11 systems with currently existing UMTS-GP...

An IX (Internet eXchange) is a mechanism to interconnect many networks to each other. Currently, an ISP (Internet Service Provider) establishes numerous interconnections to other ISPs. Although ‘private peering’ is one way for an ISP to interconnect to other ISPs with individual links, connecting to an IX is a more efficient way to establish and maintain a large number of peerings (or ‘public p...

The Transport Profile of Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS-TP) is a packet-based transport technology based on the MPLS Traffic Engineering (MPLS-TE) and pseudowire (PW) data-plane architectures. This document describes a framework to support a comprehensive set of Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM) procedures that fulfill the MPLS-TP OAM requirements for fault, performance, an...

The Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol, Version 3 (L2TPv3) defines a protocol for tunneling a variety of payload types over IP networks. This document defines how to carry an MPLS label stack and its payload over the L2TPv3 data encapsulation. This enables an application that traditionally requires an MPLS-enabled core network, to utilize an L2TPv3 encapsulation over an IP network instead. Townsley, et...