The internal anal sphincter (IAS) tone is important for the rectoanal continence. The RhoA/Rho kinase (ROK) pathway has been associated with the agonist-induced sustained contraction of the smooth muscle, but its role in the spontaneously tonic smooth muscle is not known. Present studies compared expression of different components of the RhoA/ROK pathway between the IAS (a truly tonic SM), the ...

ABSTRACT Climate policy integration (CPI) is a key strategy for implementing climate action, spanning sectors and levels of governance. As central agenda-setting actor in the EU, we argue that understanding institutional capacity CPI inside European Commission especially important advancement EU overall. We focus on inner workings Commission, ask:what role does leadership style President play a...

A significant concern for many households is the expense they incur to buy the goods and services that are necessary to maintain a certain standard of living – that is, their ‘cost of living’. The prices of many of these items tend to rise over time, which places upward pressure on the cost of living. The CPI, which measures inflation in prices, is often used to assess changes in the cost of li...

A multiplex Taqman-based real-time reverse transcription (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed to identify potential severe strains of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) and separate genotypes that react with the monoclonal antibody MCA13. Three strain-specific probes were developed using intergene sequences between the major and minor coat protein genes (CPi) in a multiplex reactio...

The development of the Earned Schedule (ES) method by Lipke in 2003 has been shown to be an important extension to the Earned Value Management (EVM) method, increasing the utility of EVM data for project schedule analysis, control and oversight. As ES provides a reliable time-based indicator of Schedule Performance, the objective of this paper is to investigate whether the SPI(t) exhibited simi...

Complex coacervation is an up-and-coming encapsulation technique widely working in the medicinal, food, agriculture, and textile industries. This study investigated effect of biopolymer ratio pH on complexation between chickpea protein isolate (CPI) pectin (PC) through zeta potential, turbidity measurement, visual observations. Pectin showed a negative charge profile 2-9. The isoelectric point ...

Abstract Background Immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) have revolutionised cancer treatment, with previously untreatable disease now amenable to potential cure. Combination regimens of anti-CTLA4 and anti-PD-1 show enhanced efficacy but are prone off target immune-mediated tissue injury, particularly at the barrier surfaces. CPI-induced colitis is a common serious complication. Methods To probe...

Distributed applications have fostered the standardization of application programming interfaces for the underlying communication services. Three popular communication modelsremote procedure calls, messaging and queuing, and conversations-support distributed applications across different networking protocols and physical media. Access to the conversational services of Advanced Programto-Program...

We analyze the dependence of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP ) per capita growth rates on changes in the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI). For the period 1999–2004 for all countries in the world, we find on average that an increase of CPI by one unit leads to an increase of the annual GDP per capita growth rate by 1.7%. By regressing only the European countries with transition economies, we f...