In this paper, self-similar fractal antenna with electromagnetic band gap (EBG) is proposed and studied. Fractal geometry is a methodology through which size reduction is achieved. Plus shaped fractal antennas with base, first and second iteration of order 1/3 are surrounded with Hexagonal square slotted EBG structures. This is designed on substrate with r=4.4 & h=1.6mm. The designed antenna r...

Current explanation-based generalization (EBG) techniques can perform badly when the problem being solved involves recursion. Often an infinite series of learned concepts are generated that correspond to the expansion of recursive solutions over every finite depth. Previous attempts to address the problem, such as Shavlik’s generalization-to-N EBG method, are overly reluctant to expand recursio...

In the UK, use of ethanol in fuel as a fuel oxygenate/fuel supplement is currently limited but could rise in an effort to meet the requirements of the European "Biofuels" Directive. This Energy Institute study focussed on the risk that accidental releases of ethanol blended gasoline (EBG) (i.e. gasoline containing 10% or less of ethanol) could pose to UK groundwater resources. Ethanol is miscib...

It is proposed that the application of defected ground structures (DGS) and electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) reduce the phase velocity, increase effective permittivity of microstrips and reduce the effective the wavelength which eventually lead to the reduction of overall length of Wilkinson power dividers. Furthermore, the adjacent strip lines may approach each other, which cause coupling problem...

Microstrip patch antennas have several advantages over conventional antennas including their low profile structure, light weight and low cost. As such, they have been widely used in a variety of applications. However, one of the major drawbacks of this antenna is the low bandwidth. In this paper, bandwidth of a dual patch antenna is improved by etching dummy EBG pattern on the feedline. Effects...

In this paper, the finite difference time domain method in spherical coordinates is used to analyze a microstrip conical antenna with a dielectric electromagnetic band-gap (EBG) structure as substrate. The voltage standing wave ratio, matched impedance, maximum gain as well as far-field radiation patterns, are presented. Our study suggests that the microstrip conical antenna on EBG substrate ho...

The miniaturization of microwave filters based on planar technology are important issue for integrated and miniaturized transceiver front-ends. In this view, a novel design method using metamaterials showed the possibility of a compact size filter. In the last decade, these can be realized through electronic band gap (EBG) structure and Left-handed material having negative permeability and nega...