Recently, drug nanosuspensions have shown a potential for ophthalmic delivery. In this study, a hydrocortisone (HC) nanosuspension (NS) was developed using microfluidic nanoprecipitation as a recent, simple and cost-effective bottom-up technique of drug nanonization. For comparison, a second HC NS was prepared by top-down wet milling procedures. The produced nanosuspensions were characterized f...

Two month old C57BL/6 mice were placed on three different diets: 1) normal diet (NC; 0.025% cholesterol), 2) hypercholesterolemic Western-type diet (HC-W; 0.2% cholesterol), and 3) hypercholesterolemic Paigen-type diet (HC-P; 1.25% cholesterol plus 0.5% cholic acid). At 6 months of age, the animals underwent ligation of the left carotid artery and were randomly assigned to vehicle (PBS, subcuta...

SYNOPSIS. The outer surface of insects is covered with a lipid layer that provides water-proofing and protection against environmental stresses. Hydrocarbons (HC) are major constituents of this epicuticular wax and they also serve as semiochemicals. In some insects HC are also exploited as biosynthetic precursors for pheromones. HC are synthesized by oenocytes which are situated in the integume...

Newborn rat pups artificially raised on a high-carbohydrate (HC) milk formula are chronically hyperinsulinemic and develop adult-onset obesity. As HC rats display aberrations in body weight regulation, hypothalamic adaptations predisposing to obesity have been investigated in this study. The artificial rearing of neonatal rat pups on the HC milk formula resulted in significant increases in the ...

To elucidate promoting and inhibiting effects of hydrogen cynamide (HC) and abscisic acid (ABA) on quiescence release of grape buds, physiological and molecular approaches were used to explore the mechanisms of quiescence based on metabolic and gene expression analysis. Physiological and molecular mechanisms involved in bud quiescence of grape were studied before and after application of HC, AB...

BACKGROUND Some studies have shown that dietary hydrolyzed collagen peptides (HC) effectively prevent age-related bone loss. However, it is not known whether the intake of HC also has positive effect on bone mass or strength when combined with exercise during growth phase. METHODS We examined the effects of 11 weeks of HC intake and running exercise on bone mass and strength in growing rats. ...

background and aims: among the bacterial agents, the most common cause of diarrheal disease is entrotoxigenic escherichia coli. letal toxin b (ltb) subunit of lt toxin could induce six-month immunity. clostridium botulinum causes botulism disease. bont/a-hc toxin subunit could induce two years immunity against this disease. it seems that the immunogenicity potency of these two subunits may infl...

The factors potentially determining the dynamics of horizontal cell (HC) responses are: (1) the rate of transmitter release (including its transient component) and removal; (2) the voltage non-linearity of HC non-synaptic membrane combined with its capacitance; and (3) the dynamics of feedback from HCs to photoreceptors. Using, in consecutive order, the models of an isolated HC, a HC with one o...

Histoplasma capsulatum (Hc) is a pathogenic fungus that replicates in macrophages (Mphi). In dendritic cells (DC), Hc is killed and fungal Ags are processed and presented to T cells. DC recognize Hc yeasts via the VLA-5 receptor, whereas Mphi recognize yeasts via CD18. To identify ligand(s) on Hc recognized by DC, VLA-5 was used to probe a Far Western blot of a yeast freeze/thaw extract (F/TE) ...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hepatitis C (HC) is a major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and a late diagnosis is the main factor for the poor survival of patients. There is an urgent need for identifying sensitive and specific biomarkers for HCC diagnosis. In the present study, plasma lipid patterns of patients with HC-HCC, HC-liver cirrhosis (LC), and chronic HC (CHC) were assessed by matrix-a...