22 The sympathoexcitatory response to insulin is mediated by neurons in the arcuate 23 nucleus (ARC) and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVH). Previous studies have 24 reported that stimulation of ARC neurons increases sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) 25 and arterial blood pressure (ABP) through glutamate receptor activation in the PVH. 26 Therefore, the purpose of the present study was t...

PURPOSE Thiazides are suggested as a treatment for intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired hypernatremia (IAH). The primary aim of the study was reducing serum sodium concentration (sNa) in patients with IAH with hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) in comparison to placebo. Secondary end points were a difference in urine sodium concentration (uNa) and duration of severe IAH. MATERIALS A monocentric, double-...

Social network analysis (SNA) is not a formal theory in sociology but rather a strategy for investigating social structures. As it is an idea that can be applied in many fields, we study, in particular, its influence in the information sciences. Information scientists study publication, citation and cocitation networks, collaboration structures and other forms of social interaction networks. Mo...

The arterial baroreflex system can be divided into the neural arc, from pressure input to efferent sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), and the peripheral arc, from SNA to arterial pressure (AP). Plotting the neural and peripheral arcs on a pressure-SNA plane yields a baroreflex equilibrium diagram. We examined the effects of vagotomy on the open-loop static characteristics of the carotid sinus ba...

This paper describes ISM'S use of Recommendation X.25 and related recommendations of the International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee. After reviewing the development history of X.25 and some of the motivations for using it, the paper gives an overview of packet-switched data networks. The reader is then given a brief technical description of Recommendation X.25 and some other r...

Terrorist Activities worldwide has approached the evolution of various high-ended methodologies for analyzing terrorist groups and networks. Existing research found that Social Network Analysis (SNA) is one of the most effective and predictive method for countering terrorism in social networks. The study reviewed various SNA measures for predicting the key players/ main actors of terrorist netw...

Background: Despite modern developments in its management, still major concerns remain about drug resistance in chemotherapy. Natural adjuvants combined with chemotherapy might be the answer. We examined the anti-cancer, anti-proliferative and synergistic effects of Sambucus nigra extract with cisplatin chemotherapy (CDDP) on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 human cancer cell lines. Methods: MCF-7 and MDA...

BACKGROUND Ventricular tachyarrhythmias present a unique set of stimuli to arterial and cardiopulmonary baroreceptors by increasing cardiac filling pressures and decreasing arterial pressure. The net effect on the control of sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) in humans is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the relative roles of cardiopulmonary and arterial baroreceptors in contro...

We study the existence of strange nonchaotic attractors (SNA) in the family of Harper maps. We prove that for a set of parameters of positive measure, the map possesses a SNA. However, the set is nowhere dense. By changing the parameter arbitrarily small amounts, the attractor is a smooth curve and not a SNA.

Spontaneous fluctuations (SF) in skin conductance are often used to index sympathetic arousal and emotional states. SF are caused by sudomotor nerve activity (SNA), which is a direct indicator of sympathetic arousal. Here, we describe a dynamic causal model (DCM) of how SNA causes SF, and apply variational Bayesian model inversion to infer SNA, given empirically observed SF. The estimated SNA b...