Klotho is a membrane protein participating in the inhibitory effect of FGF23 on the formation of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin-D(3) [1,25(OH)(2)D(3)]. It participates in the regulation of renal tubular phosphate reabsorption and stimulates renal tubular Ca(2+) reabsorption. Klotho hypomorphic mice (klotho(hm)) suffer from severe growth deficit, rapid aging, and early death, events largely reversed by a...

Retinoic acid (RA) inhibits hepatic macrophage (HM) cytokine expression, and retinoids are depleted in alcoholic liver disease (ALD). However, neither the causal link between the two nor the mechanism underlying RA-mediated HM inhibition is known. The aim of the present study was to determine the mechanism of RA-induced inhibition of HM tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha expression and the relev...

Macrophages are important components of the tumor-associated infiltrate and are qualified as one of the major players of the cancer-related inflammation. It was shown that tumor cells can either stimulate or mediate apoptosis of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). To date, there is no general agreement regarding the influence of TAMs and their numbers on the progression of hepatocellular carci...

Correspondence to Dr Rosalind RamseyGoldman; rgramsey@ northwestern.edu In systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), there appears to be specific differences in the cancer susceptibility compared with the general population. While the overall cancer incidence rate in patients with SLE is increased about 14%, the standardised incidence ratio of a given cancer is largely dependent on the cancer type. P...

BACKGROUND Preterm infants fed fortified human milk (HM) grow more slowly than those fed preterm formulas. These differences could be related to the variability in the macronutrient composition of expressed HM, resulting in inadequate nutrient intake in relation to the estimated needs of the preterm infants. OBJECTIVES The aim of this article was to show the variability in HM composition from...

purpose: to compare the safety, efficacy, predictability, stability and complications of wavefront-guided laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (lasek) in low myopia, myopic astigmatism and high myopia correction. methods: in his retrospective study, 416 eyes were divided to 3 groups: 159 eyes with low myopia (lm) and mean refractive spherical equivalent (mrse) of -3.68±1.33 (sd) diopter (d)...

In this paper we present a general framework HM(X) for Hindley/Milner style type systems with constraints. We give a generic type inference algorithm for HM(X). Under suucient conditions on X, type inference will always compute the principal type of a term. We give an extension of our HM(X) systems which deals with subtyping. In particular, the type inference algorithm for subtypes computes pri...

Hemodynamic instability frequently occurs in critically ill patients. Pathophysiological rationale suggests that hemodynamic monitoring (HM) may identify the presence and causes of hemodynamic instability and therefore may allow targeting therapeutic approaches. However, there is a discrepancy between this pathophysiological rationale to use HM and a paucity of formal evidence (as defined by th...

Let Q(ζm) be the mth cyclotomic field, where ζm is a primitive mth root of unity for an integer m ≥ 1. Let hm denote the class number of Q(ζm) and hm be the class number of its maximal real subfield Q(ζm + ζ −1 m ). Kummer proved that the relative class number hm = hm/h + m is an integer, and in 1851 he claimed ([7], pg. 473) that the rule for the asymptotic growth of hp as the prime p → ∞ is g...

The availability of Rahman, and the virulent HM-1:IMSS strain of E. histolytica, provides a powerful tool for identifying virulence factors of E. histolytica. Here we report an attempt to identify potential virulence factors of E. histolytica by comparing the transcriptome of E. histolytica HM-1:IMSS and E. histolytica Rahman. With phenotypically defined strains, we compared the transcriptome o...