In Drosophila, the posterior determinant nanos is required for embryonic patterning and for primordial germ cell (PGC) development. We have identified three genes in Caenorhabditis elegans that contain a putative zinc-binding domain similar to the one found in nanos, and show that two of these genes function during PGC development. Like Drosophila nanos, C. elegans nos-1 and nos-2 are not gener...

Exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) combined with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) stimulates de novo synthesis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS-2) in C6 glioma cells. Ethanol dose-dependently inhibits C6 cell NOS-2 activity, as measured by nitrite accumulation in culture medium, when present during LPS plus PMA treatment. The present study reports on mechanisms related to this inh...

The aim of the present study was to measure intrarenal spatial and temporal localization of all three nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoforms in the developing ovine kidney. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western Blot analyses, and in situ hybridization techniques were performed for NOS I III isoforms in renal tissue obtained from sheep aged ~24 h, one, three, six, and 1...

In cultured endothelial cells, the antioxidant, L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C), increases nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzyme activity via chemical stabilization of tetrahydrobiopterin. Our objective was to determine the effect of vitamin C on NOS function and tetrahydrobiopterin metabolism in vivo. Twenty-six to twenty-eight weeks of diet supplementation with vitamin C (1%/kg chow) significantly i...

Previously we have demonstrated functional nitric oxide synthase (NOS) 1 in large arteries. Because resistance arteries largely determine blood pressure, this study examined whether functional NOS 1 also exists in resistance arteries. Phenylephrine (PE) contraction was measured in the absence and presence of the NOS 1 inhibitor N(5)-(1-imino-3-butenyl)-L-ornithine (VNIO) in isolated mesenteric ...

Nanos (Nos) protein is required in the posterior of the Drosophila embryo to promote abdominal development, but must be excluded from the anterior to permit head and thorax development [1,2]. Spatial restriction of Nos is accomplished by selective translation of the 4% of nos mRNA localized to the posterior pole and translational repression of the remaining unlocalized mRNA [3-5]. Repression is...

The histological subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a significant factor when selecting treatment strategies. However, cases are occasionally encountered that are diagnosed as 'not otherwise specified' (NOS) prior to surgery, due to an uncertain histological subtype. The present study investigated the prognostic significance of the NOS subtype for patients with resectable NSCLC. B...

Endogenous NO is synthesized by nitric oxide synthases (NOS) which use L-arginine as substrate. The various isoforms of NOS are widely distributed within the kidney. Brain NOS (bNOS) and endothelial NOS (eNOS) are constitutively expressed and are both distributed in glomeruli and vasculature. In addition bNOS is found in epithelial tissue including macula densa and the collecting duct. Two stru...

Estrogens have been found to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease that has been ascribed in part to an increased expression and/or activity of the vasoprotective endothelial NO synthase (NOS III). Some reports have shown that the level of expression of this constitutive enzyme can be upregulated by estrogens. The current study investigates the molecular mechanism of the NOS III upregu...

S-nitrosylation of several Ca2+ regulating proteins in response to β-adrenergic stimulation was recently described in the heart; however the specific nitric oxide synthase (NOS) isoform and signaling pathways responsible for this modification have not been elucidated. NOS-1 activity increases inotropism, therefore, we tested whether β-adrenergic stimulation induces NOS-1-dependent S-nitrosylati...