Two HIV infected patients not receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART) presented with epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma of the oral cavity. One patient initially refused HAART, but when the lesion became large enough to be noticeable he agreed to HAART associated with excision of the intraoral lesion by CO2 laser. The other patient developed KS and progressed to AIDS at two years after ...

As cellular reservoirs, CD16 monocyte subsets play important roles in the progression of HIV infection. Previous studies have shown that highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) reduced the percentages of CD14CD16 monocyte subsets, but did not recover the percentages of CD14CD16 subsets. Eighty-four chronic HIV-infected, HAART-naïve individuals and 55 HIV-negative subjects (31 without hyper...

Reduced intestinal CD4 T cell numbers and gastrointestinal disease are common features of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Duodenal lymphocyte densities and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule (MAdCAM)-1 expression were analyzed in patients with AIDS after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Compared with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative individuals, HAAR...

This cross-sectional study investigated the effect of early highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-specific CD8 T cell responses in children. HIV-1-specific CD8 T cell responses were quantified using an enzyme-linked immunospot assay to measure interferon-gamma-secreting cells. HIV-1-infected children were classified by time of HAART initiation...

No official recommendations have been made on whether children infected with HIV on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) should be revaccinated. We reviewed published work to establish whether these children have protective immunity to vaccine-preventable diseases and to assess short-term and long-term immune responses to vaccination of children given HAART. In general, children on HAAR...

In order to describe the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia in a cohort of HIV-infected children and adolescents in Latin America and to determine associations with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), we performed this cross-sectional analysis within the NICHD International Site Development Initiative pediatric cohort study. Eligible children had to be at leas...

The explosive increase in the number of people infected with tuberculosis, multi drug resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB), and injecting drug users (IDU) HIV/AIDS has become a serious public health challenge in Russia. The World Health Organization is recommending policies including simultaneous use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to treat HIV/AIDS and second line drugs to treat MDRT...

Recent reports suggest that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) may improve with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We observed three patients who developed PML while receiving HAART. All patients received HAART for 4-11 months and had low plasma levels of HIV-1 RNA before the onset of symptoms of PML. Antiretroviral therapy ...

BACKGROUND The magnitude of the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) since its introduction in non-Western countries is not entirely clear. We studied disease progression among adult patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in the pre-HAART (i.e., 1996 and earlier) and HAART eras in Hong Kong. METHODS The cohort of patients seen at the Int...

The purpose of this study was to compare treatment satisfaction with triple nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) regimens including abacavir (ABC) to HAART regimens that include protease inhibitors (PIs) and to estimate the relationship between patient satisfaction and adherence to HAART. Three open-label clinical trials comparing ABC-...