David A. Mitchell1*, Oscar F. von Meien2, Luiz Fernando L. Luz Jr.2 and Nadia Krieger3 Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx. P. 19046, Curitiba 81531-990, Paraná, Brazil Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx. P. 19011, Curitiba 81531-990, Paraná, Brazil Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Cx. P. 19081, Curitiba 8153...

CX(3)CR1 expression is associated with the commitment of CSF-1R(+) myeloid precursors to the macrophage/dendritic cell (DC) lineage. However, the relationship of the CSF-1R(+) CX(3)CR1(+) macrophage/DC precursor (MDP) with other DC precursors and the role of CX(3)CR1 in macrophage and DC development remain unclear. We show that MDPs give rise to conventional DCs (cDCs), plasmacytoid DCs (PDCs),...

• Proof: X is j G implies that V = uX is G with mean uμ and variance uΣu. Thus its characteristic function, CV (t) = e ituμe−t 2uTΣu/2. But CV (t) = E[e itV ] = E[e TX ]. If we set t = 1, then this is E[e TX ] which is equal to CX(u). Thus, CX(u) = CV (1) = e iuμe−u TΣu/2. • Proof (other side): we are given that the charac function ofX, CX(u) = E[eiuTX ] = e μe−u TΣu/2. Consider V = uX. Thus, C...

BACKGROUND Mosquitoes in the Culex pipiens complex are among the most medically important vectors for human disease worldwide and include major vectors for lymphatic filariasis and West Nile virus transmission. However, detailed genetic studies in the complex are limited by the number of genetic markers available. Here, we describe methods for the rapid and efficient identification and developm...

A literature analysis coupled with new entomological surveys conducted between 2009 and 2012 led to changes in the list of mosquito species present on the island of La Réunion. Using morphological criteria, Orthopodomyia arboricollis is replaced by Or. reunionensis. On the basis of morphometrical and genetic criteria, Culex univittatus is replaced by Cx. neavei. Cx. poicilipes, which was alread...

CK2 is a pleiotropic protein kinase, which regulates many survival pathways and plays a global anti-apoptotic function. It is highly expressed in tumor cells, and is presently considered a promising therapeutic target. Among the many inhibitors available for this kinase, the recently developed CX-4945 and CX-5011 have proved to be very potent, selective and effective in inducing cell death in t...

Mosquito collections were carried out for a period of one year from January to December 1992 in a pig farm in Sungai Pelek, Selangor, Malaysia. A total of 41,022 mosquitos belonging to 52 species and 20 genera were collected. Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Cx. gelidus, the important vectors, comprised 63% of all mosquitos collected. Both these species were collected in large numbers during the wet...

Atrial fibrillation (AF) occurrence has a known genetic component. Many reports have revealed a correlation between gene mutation and AF, involving genes related to ion channels, connexin (Cx), and those within the angiotensin system. In this study, the correlation between the Cx 40 polymorphism (rs35594137) and AF was investigated in patients with AF in the Xinjiang, Turpan, and Kashi regions ...

Surveys of mosquito larvae were carried out in six areas of Kosrae Island, Kosrae State, the Federated States of Micronesia in December 2009 and June 2012. A total of 962 larvae of six species were collected from 106 natural and artificial habitats. They were identified as Aedes aegypti, Ae. albopictus, Ae. marshallensis, Culex quinquefasciatus, Cx. annulirostris, and Cx. kusaiensis. This is th...