The ability of thioglycollate (TG)-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages to adhere to a laminin substratum has been studied. These cells do not adhere to laminin-coated (20 micrograms/ml) surfaces, but the addition of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA; 50 ng/ml) results in their rapid adherence and spreading on this substratum. TG-elicited and PMA-activated macrophages, however, can bind soluble l...

We studied the effects of diet supplementation with docosahexaenoic (DHA) and in vitro vitamin C (VitC) at physiological concentrations on oxidative and inflammatory neutrophil response to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). Fifteen male footballers ingested a beverage enriched with DHA or a placebo for 8 weeks in a randomized double-blind study. Neutrophils were isolated from blood samples collec...

Paramethoxyamphetamine (PMA) and paramethoxymetamphetamine (PMMA) are methoxylated phenylethylamine derivatives with effects similar to methylenedioxymetamphetamine (MDMA) and sold as such. However, PMA and PMMA are more potent than MDMA, but have a slower onset of action, which encourages users to take more. Three fatal cases involving PMA and PMMA in Denmark in year 2000 are investigated incl...

Pilomyxoid astrocytoma (PMA) is a rare tumor that was previously classified as pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) because of similar histological features. [1] Compared with PA, PMA demonstrates more aggressive biological behavior, and was assigned to World Health Organization (WHO) α grade according to the 2007 WHO Classification. [2] PMA in the spinal cord is extremely rare. We documented probably th...

Phorbol-12-myristate- 13-acetate (PMA) has been shown to induce hypertrophy of cardiac myocytes. The prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase isoform 2 (cyclooxygenase-2, COX-2) has been associated with enhanced growth and/or proliferation of several types of cells. Thus we studied whether PMA induces COX-2 and prostanoid products PGE(2) and PGF(2alpha) in neonatal ventricular myocytes and whether...

Human promyelocytic leukaemia (HL-60) cells were employed to study the induction of NAD(+)-dependent 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH), the key enzyme in controlling prostaglandin inactivation. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulated 15-PGDH activity in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) also stimulated the enzyme activity, although a m...

Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), as a potent tumor promoter, may induce microglial senescence. The present study investigated the effect of PMA infection on microglial senescence. From 58 male Sprague‑Dawley rats, 10 were randomly selected and divided into a PMA injection group, containing five rats (0.5 µg/µl PMA) and a control group, containing five rats (commensurable 0.9% saline). Immunoflu...

BACKGROUND Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) is often used as an activating phorbol ester of protein kinase C (PKC) to investigate the roles of the kinase in cellular functions. Accumulating lines of evidence indicate that in addition to activating PKC, PMA also produces some regulatory effects in a PKC-independent manner. In this study, we investigated the non-PKC effects of PMA on electri...

Relaxin is known to inhibit cardiac fibrosis. However, it is unclear whether relaxin could regulate the effects of Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA, PKC activator) on cardiac fibrosis. So the influence of relaxin on the cell proliferation and collagen expression induced by PMA in cultured cardiac fibroblasts was studied. It showed that PMA significantly increased cardiac fibroblasts prolife...

Receptor-mediated activation of phospholipase C (PLC) which releases diacylglycerol and inositol trisphosphate has been implicated in the action of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) on gonadotrophs. Previously we demonstrated that the synthetic diacylglycerol, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) and PLC mimic the stimulatory effects of GnRH on both luteinizing hormone (LH) glycosylation a...