Abstract. Flux measurements of nitrogen oxides (NOx) were made over London using airborne eddy covariance from a low-flying aircraft. Seven low-altitude flights conducted Greater London, performing multiple overpasses across the city during eight days in July 2014. NOx fluxes region (GLR) exhibited high heterogeneity and strong diurnal variability, with central areas responsible for highest emi...

In binary hypothesis testing, when the hypotheses are composite or the corresponding data pdfs contain unknown parameters, one can use the well known generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) to reach a decision. This test has the very desirable characteristic of performing simultaneous detection and estimation in the case of parameterized pdfs or combined detection and isolation in the case of ...

Most of the popular translation models are based on encoder-decoder architecture and belong to autoregressive model. When decode, they generate current sequence according generated before. This process is not parallel. The generalized maximum likelihood ratio detection (GLR) algorithm model cannot effectively guarantee overlapping accurate results English detection. To improve recognition rate ...

This work was motivated by the following two problems from the classical representation theory. (Both problems make sense for an arbitrary complex semisimple Lie algebra but since we shall deal only with the Ar case, we formulate them in this generality). 1. Construct a “good” basis in every irreducible finite-dimensional slr+1-module Vλ, which “materializes” the Littlewood-Richardson rule. A p...

In comparison with standard HMM (Hidden Markov Model) with forced alignment, this paper discusses two automatic segmentation algorithms from different points of view: the probabilities of insertion and omission, and the accuracy. The first algorithm, hereafter named the refined HMM algorithm, aims at refining the segmentation performed by standard HMM via a GMM (Gaussian Mixture Model) of each ...

In Bacillus sphaericus and other Bacillus spp., D-amino acid transaminase has been considered solely responsible for biosynthesis of D-glutamate, an essential component of cell wall peptidoglycan, in contrast to the glutamate racemase employed by many other bacteria. We report here the cloning of the dat gene encoding D-amino acid transaminase and the glr gene encoding a glutamate racemase from...

In this paper, the problem of target detection in colocated “multi-input multi-output” (MIMO) radars is considered. A pulse-train signaling is assumed to be used in this system. As the doppler effect should be considered for the pulse-train signaling, we are confronted by a compound hypothesis testing problem, so in this paper a Generalized Likelihood Ratio (GLR) detector is derived. The high c...

In their recogniser forms, the Earley and RIGLR algorithms for testing whether a string can be derived from a grammar are worst-case cubic on general context free grammars (CFG). Earley gave an outline of a method for turning his recognisers into parsers, but it turns out that this method is incorrect. Tomita’s GLR parser returns a shared packed parse forest (SPPF) representation of all derivat...

Time-varying coefficient models are useful in longitudinal data analysis. Various efforts have been invested for the estimation of the coefficient functions, based on the least squares principle. Related work includes smoothing spline and kernel methods among others, but these methods suffer from the shortcoming of non-robustness. In this paper, we introduce a local M-estimation method for esti...