The present study describes the ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and toxicological evaluations of Xanthium strumarium L. growing in Bangladesh. In toxicity evaluation on rats, the methanol extract of seedlings showed mortality, while both seedling and mature plant extracts raised the serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase values and produced significant abnormalities in the histopa...

The objective of the present work was to evaluate the biological activities of the major bioactive compound, xanthatin, and other compounds from Xanthium strumarium (Asteraceae) leaves. Inhibition of bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma brucei brucei and leukaemia HL-60 cell proliferation was assessed using resazurin as a vital stain. Xanthatin was found to be the major and most active compound aga...

Xanthium strumarium, commonly referred to as "cocklebur," rarely causes poisoning in cattle. When mature, this robust, annual weed bears numerous oval, brownish, spiny burs. Only the seeds in the burs and young seedlings (cotyledonary leaves) contain the toxic principle, carboxyatractyloside. In the Frankfort district of the Free State Province of South Africa, a herd of 150 Bonsmara cows were ...

The host suitability to Ditylenchus destructor of seven common weed species in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) fields in South Africa was determined. Based on the number of nematodes per root unit, white goosefoot (Chenopodium album), feathertop chloris (Chloris virgata), purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus), jimson weed (Datura stramonium), goose grass (Eleusine indica), khaki weed (Tagetes minuta), a...

Antibacterial activity of the aerial extracts from Xanthium brasilicum prepared in methanol, diethyl ether, petroleum benzene and an equal mixture of the three solvents were studied against bacterial laboratory standards and clinical isolates using the disk diffusion method. The best antibacterial results were obtained when methanol or the solvent mixture was used. The crude extract with the hi...

objective(s) due to increasing emergence of drug-resistance in helicobacter pylori isolates, traditional plants are potentially valuable sources of novel anti-h. pylori agents. in this research, anti-h. pylori activity of the organic extracts of twenty native iranian plants was determined against ten clinical isolates of h. pylori. materials and methods disc diffusion was used to determine the ...

The physiological and physical components of the feedback loop involving intercellular CO(2) concentration (c(i)) and stomata are identified. The loop gain (G) is a measure of the degree of homeostasis in a negative feedback loop [the expression 1/(1-G) represents the fraction to which feedback reduces a perturbance]. Estimates are given for the effects of G on responses of stomata and c(i) to ...

Homoalanosine having a herbicidal activity was isolated from the culture filtrate of a soil isolate SC-1688 which was classified as Streptomyces galilaeus. The chemical structure of homoalanosine was determined to be L-2-amino-4-nitrosohydroxyaminobutyric acid by analyses of spectral and biological data. The antibiotic has high herbicidal activity at low concentrations against especially common...