Fetal brain hypoxic injury remains a concern in high-risk delivery. There is significant clinical interest in agents that may diminish neuronal damage during birth asphyxia, such as in allopurinol, an inhibitor of the prooxidant enzyme xanthine oxidase. Here, we established in a rodent model the capacity of allopurinol to be taken up by the mother, cross the placenta, rise to therapeutic levels...

Molybdenum hydroxylases, aldehyde oxidase and xanthine oxidoreductase, were shown to be involved in the nitroreduction of 2-nitrofluorene (NF), 1-nitropyrene, and 4-nitrobiphenyl, environmental pollutants, in the skin of various mammalian species. NF was reduced to 2-aminofluorene by hamster skin cytosol in the presence of 2-hydroxypyrimidine, 4-hydroxypyrimidine, N(1)-methylnicotinamide, or be...

A widely accepted theory is that life originated from the hydrothermal environment in primordial ocean. Nevertheless, low desorption temperature inorganic substrates and fragileness of hydrogen-bonded nucleobases do not support required thermal stability such an environment. Herein, we report super-robust complexes xanthine, one precursors for primitive nucleic acids, with Na. We demonstrate we...

As the enzyme responsible for uric acid formation, Xanthine oxidase was considered to be a therapeutic target hyperuricemic treatment. This study carried out assess potential of caryophyllene, and its derivates usually present in natural product inhibit oxidase. The molecular docking using Autodock Tool Biovia Discovery Studio conducted visualize interaction reveal structure-activity relationsh...

BACKGROUND/AIM Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a life-threatening oncological emergency, and control of serum uric acid level (S-UA) is most important. In this single-institution, short-term and pilot prospective study, the efficacy of a new xanthine oxidase inhibitor, febuxostat, as an alternative to conventional allopurinol, including its effects on hypoxanthine and xanthine, was evaluated in 1...

The enzyme is well-suited to carry out the catalysis of these oxidative reactions, containing as it does four redox-active sites: molybdenum, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and a pair of iron-sulfur centers of the ferredoxin type (Fe2S2). The purine substrates interact with the enzyme at the molybdenum site of xanthine oxidase and oxygen at the flavin site. The two metabolic reactions above ...

The composition of milk xanthine oxidase has been reinvestigated. When the enzyme is prepared by methods that include a selective denaturation step in the presence of sodium salicylate the product is obtained very conveniently and in high yield, and is homogeneous in the ultracentrifuge and in recycling gel filtration. It has specific activity higher than previously reported preparations of the...