Rum is a sugar cane spirit obtained by the distillation of molasses through yeast fermentation and subsequent aging in wooden barrels, where the spirit acquires its special flavor and aroma. Packed bed schemes were applied to the accelerated aging of rum samples. These involved maturation in contact with natural, toasted or chemically treated oak wood chips for 90 d and four secondary treatment...

In tests with Pinus taeda L., most properties of wet. formed hardboard were improved by using fiber refined from wood having short, slender tracheids with thin walls. A theoretical analysIs suggested that the fibers fail in bending while under stress induced by the pressing operation. Such bending failures improve conditions for hydrogen bonding, thus improving board properties. Trachelds havmg...

In tree-length harvesting operations, the trees are usually delimbed and topped in the woods. Sawlogs are bucked, and pulpwood is loaded tree-length. The use of in-woods chipping has been limited to energywood production because high bark content limits the use of whole-tree chips as pulp furnish. Flail delimbing and debarking allows economical processing and chipping of whole trees in the wood...

For the identification of small to large wood samples and various types of composites that may not provide enough of all surfaces necessary to reveal diagnostic characteristics, such as sawdust, decayed wood fragments, archeological wood, and even large wood samples, morphological and anatomical characteristics of vessels are very useful. In this research, morphological and anatomical character...

The quality of thermomechanical pulp (TMP) is influenced by a large number of variables. To control the pulp and paper process, the operator has to manually choose the influencing variables, which can change significantly depending on the quality of the raw material (wood chips). Very little knowledge exists about the relationships between the quality of the pulp obtained by the TMP process and...

A continuous process involving gasification, syngas cleaning, and Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis was developed to efficiently produce synthetic aviation turbine fuels (SATFs). Oak-tree wood chips were first gasified to syngas over a commercial pilot plant downdraft gasifier. The raw wood syngas contains about 47% N(2), 21% CO, 18% H(2), 12% CO(2,) 2% CH(4) and trace amounts of impurities. A pur...

Wood-inhabiting Basidiomycetes have been screened for various applications in the pulp and paper industry and it is evident that different fungi need to be used to suit the specific requirements of each application. This study assessed the suitability of 278 strains of South African wood-decay fungi for the pre-treatment of softwood chips for kraft pulping. The influence of these fungi on kappa...

Abstract. A mobile pilot-scale biofilter testing laboratory, which consisted of oneand two-stage biofilter reactor barrels, was developed where two types of wood chips (western cedar and hard wood) were examined to treat odor emissions from a deep-pit swine finishing facility in central Iowa. The biofilters were operated continuously from July 20 to October 17, 2007 at different air flow rates ...

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy provides a rapid, non-destructive method for the routine estimation of wood properties. NIR spectroscopy is increasingly being used to replace traditional methods of wood property assessment, and it provides a wealth of information to tree growers, tree breeders, and manufacturers of forest products. The technology is particularly well-suited to tree improvement...

The intention of efficient processing and use less valuable wood species, bio-damaged logs, sawmill residues, cuttings, chips, sawdust, recycled wooden products, other lignocellulosic raw materials in the production composites is focus several scientific research institutes world [...]