The rising energy demand for buildings has enhanced public awareness of sustainable sources and technologies. In particular, natural ventilation systems such as wind-catchers have attracted considerable new attention. A wind-catcher design with single-stage direct-air evaporative cooling was proposed indoor air conditioning. An Eulerian-Lagrangian approach employing the Realizable k-ε model uti...

The present study compared simple thermal indices and the indices derived from energy budget models in the northwest of Iran. For this purpose, the air temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, cloud, cover and wind speed of 13 meteorological stations in the northwest of Iran during the  the period of 1986 to 2007 were selected for comparison. The results which were extracted using Biokl...

This paper's main issue is a strong advocacy in favour of an a priori classification of thermal environments that can be really functional to comfort assessment: Class 1, environments where comfort conditions can be established (comfort-prone environments), and Class 2, environments where this is not practically feasible. The former, which are also identified here as 'thermally unconstrained' e...

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This study explores the values threshold of physical loads (air temperature, illumination, and sound level) applied in urban space that represents limits human comfort, as well effect environment terms density buildings on those help to provide ultimate comfort. The methodology this was founded field experiments obtain load’s data for three consecutive days during summer season’s peak. Then, is...

Pontianak city has tropical climate and crossed by the equator. This phenomenon an impact on level of thermal comfort in a room, especially North District which is close to 0˚ latitude. library Public Elementary School (SDN) 27 one examples. located equator with coordinates 0˚00˚07N 109˚20'02E high temperature humidity levels. condition bad comfort. can affect health indoor activities. Therefor...

Abstract This study focuses on exploring the impact of urban forms and vegetation combination patterns microclimate in a complex environment. Results shown that closed form has higher air temperature resulting pedestrians are easier to feel heat stress; instead, open usually wind speed. Vegetation can effectively reduce speed while reducing change rate mean radiant temperature. However, effect ...