BACKGROUND In spite of globalizing processes 'offline' retail drug markets remain localized and - in recent decades - typically 'closed', in which dealers sell primarily to known customers. We characterize drug cryptomarkets as 'anonymous open' marketplaces that allow the diffusion of drugs across locales. Where cryptomarket customers make stock-sourcing purchases for offline distribution, the ...

Online retailing is dominated by a channel structure in which a retailer either buys products from competing manufacturers and resells to consumers (wholesale scheme) or lets manufacturers directly sell to consumers on its platform for a commission (platform scheme). Easy access to publicly available third-party information such as product reviews which facilitate consumers' purchase decisions ...

W every firm in a supply chain bears supply risk (the cost of insufficient supply), some firms may, even with wholesale price contracts, completely avoid inventory risk (the cost of unsold inventory). With a push contract there is a single wholesale price and the retailer, by ordering his entire supply before the selling season, bears all of the supply chain’s inventory risk. A pull contract al...

Agricultural products export has main role among non-oil exports and pistachio is the most important exportable agricultural product in Iran. In this research we tried to deal with the most important weak and strong spots, opportunities and threats facing the advertisement of exporting pistachio in Kerman province. This has been done with the usage of factor analysis (PFA) in combination with S...

This study aimed at providing a systematic method to analyze the characteristics of customers’ purchasing behavior in order to improve the performance of customer relationship management system. For this purpose, the improved model of LRFM (including Length, Recency, Frequency, and Monetary indices) was utilized which is now a more common model than the basic RFM model apt for analyzing the cus...

The workload loss ratio (WLR) is a key quantity from the point of Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning in packet-based communication, hence it’s estimation is an important issue. The existing results in the area of WLR approximation usually interpret the workload loss as a product of some well assessable quantities. We call this approach as the indirect approximation of the WLR. The drawback o...

We present terminal velocities of M33 B-supergiants, obtained from STIS HST spectra as part of our programme to investigate the Wind Momentum – Luminosity Relationship (WLR) in the Local Group. Terminal velocities are derived from their N V, C IV, and Si IV resonance lines in UV spectra. Comparing with IUE spectra of Galactic B-supergiants we found evidence of low metallicity in three of our ob...