Maize is one of the most important crops globally that provides food, feed, and bioenergy. However, shading stress threatens maize production. In this study, we investigated the effects of shading on photosynthate accumulation and distribution of summer maize in the field. Zhengdan958 (ZD958) and Denghai 605 (DH605) were used as experimental materials in a field experiment running from 2013 to ...

We define a new shading tool called a Bidirectional Appearance Distribution Function (BADF) tailored to the direct control of stylized appearance. A BADF can be thought of as defining the appearance of a sphere from all possible illumination directions. Our BADF formulation generalizes and improves upon previous stylized shading techniques by enabling the direct control of shading profiles in s...

A divide-and-conquer strategy in shape from shading is proposed for recovering book surface on fully perspective condition. It is shown that unique shape can be recovered despite of more unknowns than shade images by dividing original implicit SFS problem into explicit ones. Using invariance of shading, a transformed shading equation and a recurrence relation is derived for depth recovery. Whol...

In computer graphics, rendering is generally defined as “p rocess of generating an image from a model, by means of software programs.” Among many rendering styles, in this paper, we will particularly focus on Toon Shading. In brief, Toon Shading, also known as Cel Shading, is a simplest nonphotorealistic rendering technique to give mesh a cartoon look and the impression of hand drawn models in ...

This paper examines several existing methods of static shading device design, and presents a new approach called SHADERADE. The approach is implemented as an eponymous tool based on Rhinoceros® and EnergyPlus, and offers flexible, novel techniques for assessing the thermal desirability of solar transmittance through any potential shading volume or surface. Using simulated sidelit offices locate...

In this paper, a method for reconstructing a 3-D shape of an object from a 2-D shading image using a Genetic Algorithm (GA), which is an optimizing technique based on mechanisms of natural selection. The 3D-shape is recovered through the analysis of the gray levels in a single image of the scene. This problem is ill-posed except if some additional assumptions are made. In the proposed method, s...

The decomposition of an input image into its materialdependent “intrinsic” properties and its light-dependent shading properties is useful for many computer vision tasks such as image segmentation, object recognition, and geometric inference. For example, image segmentation and edge detection can be performed by grouping sets of pixels by reflectance values; object recognition will be more robu...

In order to obtain models of complex virtual environments, there are many solutions that make use of image-based rendering techniques. When using a set of images to represent an element in space as a billboard, there are some problems related with the shading calculations, once these elements are just planes in space. This article presents a new approach for shading objects represented by image...

Tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum L.) were grown in the field and the apex was removed at the 42-day stage. Shading screens were set up which produced 0, 26, 67, and 90% shade. Plants were grown an additional 25 days before leaves from top, middle, and bottom stalk positions were harvested. Each leaf group was analyzed for free sterol, steryl ester, steryl glycoside, and acylsteryl glycoside. T...