There are several types of firing tests of cannonballs. In ground firing tests, cannonballs without gunpowder charged are fired against sand heap. When a cannonball collides into sand, the cannonball’s penetration depth, stress and sand temperature depend on the sand properties. Sand tends to become harder than before after plenty of cannonball firing. This is because kinetic energy of a cannon...

In this paper, we show that the temperature-induced performance drop seen in nanoscale CMOS circuitscan be tackled by powering the circuits with adaptively regulated voltage power supplies. Essentially, when temperature rises, the supply voltage will be bumped up to offset otherwise performance degradation. To avoid thermal over-drift as chip temperature exceeds its operation range, a voltage l...

The lifetime of 1.3 lm emission from Dy-doped Ge–As–S glass containing very small amount of Ga and CsBr reveals interesting temperature dependence; with the addition of Ga/CsBr up to 0.2 mol% the lifetime decreases with increasing temperature. When the concentration of Ga/CsBr reaches 0.3 mol%, however, the lifetime remains relatively constant regardless of temperature change. For further addit...

Bismuth telluride and its alloys are widely used as materials for thermoelectric refrigeration. They are also the best materials for use in thermoelectric generators when the temperature of the heat source is moderate. The dimensionless figure of merit, ZT, usually rises with temperature, as long as there is only one type of charge carrier. Eventually, though, minority carrier conduction become...

The surface temperature was projected to increase from 4 5°C in most regions around Japan winter at the end of 21st century, according Non-Hydrostatic Regional Climate Model (NHRCM) under Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 scenario. melting sea ice Sea Okhotsk significantly affected Hokkaido Prefecture, raising it by more than 8°C some places. also rose areas Honshu where atmosphere not s...